Abstract: Misgumus anguillicadatus is a representative ground fish endemic to China. The data of acute ecotoxicity of ammonia, heavy metals (Ni²⁺ and Cu²⁺), pesticides (dichlorvos and endosulfan), and nitrobenzene to Misgumus anguillicadatus were screened and collected. The species sensitivity distribution method was used to evaluate the sensitivity of Misgumus anguillicadatus to chemicals above. According to the toxicity grade, ammonia, dichlorvos, endosulfan, and Cu²⁺ were extremely toxic to Misgumus anguillicadatus while nitrobenzene was highly toxicρ(LC₅₀) < 1 mg·L^-1. Misgumus anguillicadatus was especially susceptible to dichlorvos with the cumulative probability of 5.88% and was relatively tolerant to Ni²⁺. Compared to the model fish, Danio rerio, Misgumus anguillicadatus showed a higher sensitivity to dichlorvos, endosulfan, Cu²⁺, and nitrobenzene, indicating its potency of being a bio-indicator for those substances. Misgumus anguillicadatus can be used as the experimental subject for water quality criteria studies of pesticides, Cu²⁺, and nitrobenzene.