Abstract: Bioavailability can reflect the migration and bioaccessibility of heavy metals and it has been widely used in the post stabilization remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals. To facilitate the use of bioavailability in post stabilization remediation assessments, the methods used to evaluate the heavy metal bioavailability to earthworms in soil were systematically summarized. In addition, the corresponding relationship between these methods and the chemical reagents used for extraction, as well as the factors affecting the bioavailability evaluation methods, were also summarized. Therefore, it is suggested that the effects of the stabilized remediation of soil contaminated with heavy metals be evaluated based on chemical extraction, combined with bioavailability evaluation methods.