Abstract: The research methods of the optimization of the layout of the rural residential points in the area of the disaster-prone area of the geological disaster were discussed, and the comments for the scientific planning of the layout of the rural residential land under the threat of the geological disaster were provided. Taking Dongtou County of Zhejiang Province as an example, eight factors i. e. forest coverage rate, geological rock group, elevation, slope, rainfall, density of geological disaster points, population density and highway density were selected as evaluation indicators, the gray correlation analysis model and ArcGIS spatial analysis method were applied to classify the geological disaster susceptibility grade, so as to obtain the distribution of administrative villages and settlements in different geological disaster-prone areas. The results show that the proportion of the moderately geological disaster-prone area and the highly geological disaster-prone area in the studied area of Dongtou County reached to 42.46%, which includes 91.36% of historical geological disaster points in Dongtou County. 45 administrative villages and residential areas such as Douyan Village, Xilang Village and Tantou Village are located in the moderately geological disaster-prone area, accounting for more than 50% of the total area of each village or residential area, 27 administrative villages and residential areas such as Tantou Village, Tong'ao Village and Zheng'ao Village whose coverage are more than 70% of the total area of each village or residential area. The corresponding optimization direction is proposed to provide scientific basis for the planning of disaster prevention and mitigation based on the geological disaster susceptibility situation of each administrative village and the current distribution of residential space.