Abstract: Understanding the species richness and its spatial and temporal distribution pattern in certain region is of great significance for the protection of regional biodiversity. In order to master the species structure of amphibians as well as its dynamic changes of spatial and temporal distribution in the Nanyue Hengshan National Nature Reserve, Hunan, the amphibian resources status and the situation of habitat utilization in this region were investigated by line transect sampling in April, June and August 2018 respectively. A total of 15 species of amphibians were observed during the monitoring, which belongs to 12 genera, 6 families, 1 order. There were 11 species of amphibians belonging to nationally protected animal, accounted for 73.3% of the total 15 species in this survey. The results of this dynamic monitoring work show that the species diversity of amphibians had significant differences in time and space scale. In terms of inter-monthly biodiversity, the species diversity index was the highest in June. The species of amphibians observed in 4 different typical habitats were different significantly, in which farmland had the richest species diversity, followed by pond with 9 species, stream with 6 species and forest land with 3 species. The survival stress factors of amphibians in their habitats and distributional regions were analyzed and evaluated, and some suggestions for the protection and management of amphibians in this area have proposed.