Abstract: Climate change is one of the most serious challenges that mankind is facing in the 21st century. Under climate change, the increase of extreme climate risk has intensified the vulnerability of farmers' livelihoods. Rural households, who are the basic units of rural communities, have to cope with climate change with adaptation as the main way. Therefore, various adaptation strategies have been adopted based on household livelihood assets and the environment. This paper provides a systematic review of current researches on rural households'adaptation strategies to climate risks from two perspectives. The first is the typology of adaptation strategies and the influencing factors of decision making, and the second is theassessment of the effectiveness of these adaptation strategies. On this basis, an analytical framework of influencing factors on the decision-making of adaptation strategies to climate risks was put forward.At the same time, the paper points out some deficiencies in current researches and provides suggestions for future research, aiming at promoting the researches on rural households' adaptation to climate change and improving relevant adaptation practices.