Abstract: The effects of different proportions of sludge compost as nitrogen fertilizer on fertility characteristics of cinnamon soil and the risk of nutrient leaching caused by excessive application of sludge compost were explored. In this study, field experiments were conducted to set up no nitrogen fertilizer treatment (WN), conventional fertilization treatment (S0) and five treatments with different ratios of sludge compost replacing nitrogen fertilizer (20%, 50%, 100%, 200%, 300%, respectively denoted as S1, S2, S3, S4, S5), and samples of wheat were collected during jointing and maturity stages for analysis. The results show that compared with conventional fertilization treatment, the replacement of nitrogen fertilizer with sludge compost increased soil organic carbon, available phosphorus, available potassium, nitrate nitrogen contents and comprehensive fertility. Substituting nitrogen fertilizer with sludge compost significantly reduced soil pH value and ammonium nitrogen content at jointing stage, and soil ammonium nitrogen content increased significantly at maturity stage, but pH value did not change significantly. Soil total nitrogen content began to increase significantly when 100% nitrogen fertilizer was replaced. After the nitrogen fertilizer was replaced by sludge compost, the single factor index of total nitrogen showed at clean type I, and the soil organic index reached to clean type Ⅱ when sludge compost replaced 100% of nitrogen fertilizer. The partial productivity and nitrogen utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer were the highest under the treatment of replacing nitrogen fertilizer by 20%, which increased by 2.17% and 43.33%, respectively, and the wheat yield was the highest. When the proportion of nitrogen fertilizer replaced by sludge compost did not exceed 100%, the content of starch, protein dry gluten and wet gluten in wheat grains increased compared with that of the conventional fertilization treatment. It can be seen that replacing 20% of nitrogen fertilizer application with sludge compost is not only conducive to the maintenance of soil nutrients and the improvement of nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate, but also the risk of nutrient leaching by sludge compost application is low, and the yield and quality of wheat will not be reduced.