湖南省桃源县畜牧业地域生态类型的研究

    STUDY ON THE ECOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY REGIONS OF DAOYUAN COUNTY OF HUNAN PROVINCE

    • 摘要: 畜牧业地域生态类型是指具有明显地域性生态特点的畜种结构或畜群结构和饲养经营方式的组合。桃源县境内地形复杂,具有山地、丘陵和平原等地貌类型,地势由南、西向东部逐渐低降,由此引起明显的畜牧业地域性差异。作者采用聚类分析的方法,选择了地貌、饲料资源、载畜量、畜禽结构和畜牧经济等五个因子集和20个因子,经微型电子计算机运算,将桃源县畜牧业地域生态类型分为三类、八亚类:第一类为平原岗地猪鸡鸭免类,第二类为丘陵猪牛兔鸡鸭类,第三类为山地牛羊兔猪鸡类。在分类的基础上采用等效系数法,对各地域类型开发潜力进行综合评审。评审结果表明第二种地域类型的开发潜力最大。通过地域类型的分类和开发潜力的评审,认为要加强发展丘陵地带的畜牧业,调整全县的畜禽结构,提高草食动物的比例,充分开发利用草场和植物性蛋白饲料资源。

       

      Abstract: The ecological classification of animal husbandry regions was a determined by a combination of the structure of species or kinds of livestocks and the feeding methods and management practices which possessed significant regional ecological characterisics.Complicated topography existed within Daoyuan County consisting ol different geomorphological types including mountains,hills and plains. The land elevation gradually decreased from south-west toward the east that caused apparent regional differences between the animal husbandry enterprises in each of the regions. The authors used cluster analysis by selecting five factor groups(topo-graphy , feed resources, carrying capacity, structure of stocks and poultry kinds)and 20 other factors. The regional ecological types of animal husbandry of Daoyuan County could be classified into three groups and eight subgroups according to these calculations. The first group consisted of swine, chicken, duck and rabbit production for the high plain regions; the second consisted of cattle,swine, rabbit, chicken and duck for the hilly region; the third consisted of cattle, sheep, rabbit, swine, chicken for the mountainous region. On the basis of such classification, the method of equal-effect coefficients Was used to make a comprehensive evalution of exploitation potential of each type of region. The results of evaluation indicated that the second group had the highest exploitation potential. It was determined from these results that animal husbandry should be further strengthened and developed for the hilly reglon and the structure of animal husbandry of the entire county should be readjusted.The proportion of herbivorous stocks should be raised and the pasture and feed resources of plant proteins should be fully exploited and utilized.

       

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