Abstract: An experiment was carried out on capacity of Lactobacillus brevis for removing nitrite from an aquacultural water body and its major affecting factors.Results show that Lactobacillus brevis is capable of efficiently removing nitrite in a water body complicated in water environment.It functions most efficiently when applied at a rate of ≤10 mg·L^-1 and when the water is >25 ℃ in temperature and ≤8.0 in pH,and ≤1.0 mg·L^-1 in nitrite concentration,and the effect is most significant within 48 hours.Besides living Lactobacillus brevis,its metabolites are also capable of removing nitrite.The research demonstrates that Lactobacillus brevis can be exploited as a potential product for bioremediation of aquacultural waterbody environment.