Abstract: Shanxi Wanjiazhai Huanghe River Diversion Project (HRDP) is a large diversion project running through the Haihe River and Huanghe River valleys and covering a total length of 285 km from Wanjiazhai Water Conservancy Pivot Project in Pianguan to the Huyan Water Processing Center in Taiyuan. The characteristics of the eco environment alongside HRDP are described as follows. 1) low and unevenly distributed precipitation, and insufficient in water resources; 2) serious soil erosion;3) low vegetative coverage; 4) poor biodiversity. Based on these characteristics and the potential impacts of the project on the eco environment of the region, strategies for protecting the eco environment are proposed.1) planning in a more scientific way to reduce disturbance of the vegetation;2)performing comprehensive management to curb soil erosion;3) enhancing environmental protection; 4) planting trees and grasses to increase vegetative coverage; 5) rationalizing grazing to control degradation of grasslands; 6) readjusting industrial structure to mitigate pressure on the eco system.