水势与用氮量对土壤中石油降解的影响

Effects of Soil Water Potential and Nitrogen Supplement on the Biodegradation of Crude Oil

摘要: 研究了石油降解过程中，土壤有效氮的动态变化，不同用氮水平在两种土壤上对石油降解速率的影响，以及石油降解的土壤水势条件。结果表明，石油对土壤的污染没有影响土壤水势；在土壤水势为－100～－20kPa范围内，水势的降低没有影响石油分解，而当土壤水势为－1000kPa时，石油降解速率与对照相比下降了10%～35%。在壤土上，肥料氮添加在碳（石油中碳）氮（肥料中氮）比为90时，石油降解最快；过多施用肥料氮会降低石油的分解速率。

Abstract: A laboratory experiment was carried out to investigate the kinetics of available nitrogen and the effects of water potential and nitrogen supplement on the biodegradation of crude oil. Crude oil with the rate of 100 g/kg soil was ineffective to soil water potential. Water potential with the range of -100～-20 kPa had no effect on the biodegradation of crude oil. The degradation rate of the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) decreased by 10%～30% as compared to the control with water potential of -1000 kpa. The most favourable C/N ratio to the biodegradation of crude oil was 90 in Weswood soil while with the ratio of 60 toxic effect occured to the biodegradation of crude oil.