Abstract: Taking Qinghai province as an example,this paper discusses the rural energy problem and its effect on natural eco-environment in dry and semi-dry areas of Northwest China.Aiming at the eco-environmental problems and social problems caused by irrational energy consumption structure,shortage of commercial energy supply,low utilization efficiency of daily life energy and serious damage of non-renewable energy resources,suggestions on countermeasures for solving the rural energy problem and conserving eco-environment in Qinghai province have been given.