Abstract: This is an executive summary report of the project "Present Situation of the Typical Eco-systems Destruction in China and Their Conservation, Restoration and Utilization". The project is a major project sponsored by the National Environmental Protection Agency of China during the Seventh-Fifve-Year-Plan (1986-1990) and is also the fire systematical, deep and large scale research project in regional eco-systems of China. In this paper, the background, guiding ideology, research tasks, technical routes, progress, main achievements and esisting problems of the project have been discussed separately.