蓝藻水华优势藻高效防控铜制剂的筛选

    Screening of Copper-Algaecide to Suppress Dominant Algae of Cyanobacteria Algal Bloom

    • 摘要: 在对比络合铜、有机铜和无机铜3类5种典型铜制剂对蓝藻水华优势藻——铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aerugi-nosa)和2种非靶标藻种——普通小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)和斜生栅藻(Scenedesmus obliquus)的96 h生长抑制效果的基础上,进一步开展了3类铜制剂抑制铜绿微囊藻生长的15 d延长效应研究。试验结果表明,质量分数为25%的络氨铜水剂、30%琥胶肥酸铜可湿性粉剂和20%乙酸铜可湿性粉剂对蓝藻水华优势种有较好的生长抑制效果,其对初始密度为2×105~4×105mL-1铜绿微囊藻的96 h半抑制浓度(以下均以有效成分的质量计)分别为0.03、0.06和0.05 mg.L-1,且初始藻密度对抑藻效果并无明显影响。试验质量浓度为0.25 mg.L-1的25%络氨铜水剂、0.30 mg.L-1的30%琥胶肥酸铜可湿性粉剂或0.20 mg.L-1的20%乙酸铜可湿性粉剂均能抑制铜绿微囊藻增长,且在0~15 d内都不会出现藻细胞再次复苏和增长。此外,由于铜制剂对铜绿微囊藻的96 h半抑制浓度远低于其对普通小球藻和斜生栅藻的96 h半抑制浓度,因此可在有效控制靶标藻种的同时不对非靶标藻种的生长造成严重威胁。络氨铜、琥胶肥酸铜、乙酸铜有望被开发成为高效、绿色的蓝藻水华控制剂。

       

      Abstract: Comparative studies were conducted on algaecidal properties of inorganic,organic and chelated copper-preparations by growth inhibition test of the target algae,Microcystis aeruginosa(the dominant algae of Cyanobacteria algal bloom),and non-target algae,Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus obliquus,and a subsequent 15-d extension of growth inhibition test on Microcystis aeruginosa.Results show that for Microcystis aeruginosa with a initial concentration of 2×105-4×105 mL-1,the 96-h-EC50 of cupric-amminium complexion,copper(succinate+glutarate+adipate) and copper acetate was 0.03,0.06 and 0.05 mg·L-1,respectively,which did not change much when the initial concentration of algal cells was increased to 2×106-4×106 mL-1.It was found that 0.25 mg·L-1 cupric-amminium complexion(aqueous solutions,25%),0.30 mg·L-1 copper(succinate+glutarate+adipate)(W.P.,30%) or 0.20 mg·L-1 copper acetate(W.P.,20%) is adequate to completely prohibit the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa,which will not recover and reproduce within 15 days after the application.Besides,being lower in 96-h-EC50 to Microcystis aeruginosa than to Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus obliquus,these copper-algaecides would not pose any significant threat to non-target algae,while inhibiting the growth of Cyanobacteria.It is,therefore,held that cupric-amminium complexion,copper and copper acetate are promising substances that can be developed into highly effective and environmental friendly inhibitors of Cyanobacteria algal bloom.

       

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