Abstract: To explore how cadmium (Cd) is distributed in the water body of the Ganjiang River catchment, 44 water samples (22 in rainy period and 22 in dry period) were collected from key sections of the rivers during the rainy and dry periods for analysis of contents of the dissolved Cd using the HG-AFS method (hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrophotometer). Results show that the mean content of dissolved Cd in the river water was very low (0.112±0.111 μg?L^-1), and there was a significant seasonal difference in content of dissolved Cd in the water between the rainy（0.095±0.116 μg?L^-1）and the dry periods（0.128±0.160 μg?L^-1）（P<0.05）. The content of dissolved Cd in the trunk stream (0.116±0.038 μg?L^-1) was slightly lower than those in the tributaries (0.121±0.102μg?L^-1) and declined with the water flowing from the upper reaches to the lower. In light of the spatial distribution of dissolved Cd in the river, the section of the Ganjiang River between the Ganzhou City and Xiajiang County should be set as the critical section for monitoring of Cd pollution of the Ganjiang River Catchment.