Abstract: Rural areas play an important role in the construction of ecological civilization under the background of rural revitalization. Evaluation of environmental quality started relatively late in China, and at the beginning it was mainly carried out in large cities, large river basins and other large-scales, with much less focus on the environmental protection and assessment of small-scale rural areas. By carrying out comprehensive evaluation of rural environmental quality, it can help to solve the problem of disharmony between the social and economic development and the environmental protection in the process of rural development. The scientific evaluation of rural environmental quality and the corresponding improvement measures are the top priorities of the whole rural revitalization blueprint planning. This study summarizes the research methods and progress of environmental monitoring and evaluation in rural areas in recent years from the aspects of index system, research methods and development proposals, and puts forward some suggestions on the construction of evaluation indexes for rural environmental quality.