施肥模式对蔬菜产量、硝酸盐含量及模拟土柱氮磷淋失的影响

    Effect of Fertilization Pattern on Yield and Nitrate Content of Vegetables,and Loss of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Simulated Soil Column

    • 摘要: 采用模拟土柱试验方法,通过连续种植2茬蔬菜,研究7种不同施肥模式即:不施肥,化肥(基施),化肥(基、追肥各半),化肥+双氰胺(基施),化肥+双氰胺(基、追肥各半),化肥+有机肥(N各半),有机肥(基施)对蔬菜产量、硝酸盐含量及模拟土柱氮、磷随渗漏水淋溶损失的影响。结果表明,"化肥+双氰胺(基施)"和"有机肥(基施)"2种施肥模式,不仅能使蔬菜获得较高的产量、硝酸盐含量较低,还能明显减少蔬菜种植期间模拟土柱硝态氮、铵态氮和水溶性总磷随渗漏水淋溶的损失量,从而有效减少菜地土壤的氮、磷对地下水造成的农业面源污染。

       

      Abstract: A fertilization experiment was carried out on two cropping of vegetables growing in simulated soil column.The experiment was designed to have 7 fertilization patterns i.e.(1)CK or no fertilizer,(2)chemical fertilizer applied as basal dressing,(3)chemical fertilizer applied half as basal dressing and half as side-dressing,(4)chemical fertilizer and dicyandiamide applied as basal dressing,(5)chemical fertilizer and dicyandiamide applied half as basal dressing and half as side-dressing,(6)chemical fertilizer and organic manure(half and half on N basis),and(7)organic manure applied as basal dressing to test effect of different fertilization patterns on yield and nitrate content of the vegetables,and loss of nitrogen and phosphorus from the simulated soil column.Results show that Pattern 4 and Pattern 7 not only produced higher yield of vegetables that were lower in nitrate content,but also significantly reduced leaching loss of nitrate-nitrogen,ammonia-nitrogen and water-soluble phosphorus from the soil column.Consequently,the findings can be used to effectively alleviate agricultural non-point source N and P pollution from vegetable fields to underground water bodies.

       

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