Abstract: As a case study,systematic analyses were performed of the climate, land and water resources and soil erosion in Shilongtou Valley of Wuyi County, Zhejiang Province, a red soil region in South China. The results of the analyses revealed the advantages and disadvantages of those resources. On such a basis, basic principles were brought forth for integrated development of red soil valleys. Technical measures and benefits of integrated development in red soil valleys were also summarized.