Ecological Environment Monitoring and Driving Factors Analysis of Mining Area Based on Improved Remote Sensing Ecological Index

A new remote sensing ecological index (NRSEI) was built to monitor and analyze the driving factors of the mining ecological environment of Feng-Feng Coal Mine in Handan of Hebei Province from 2001 to 2020 on the basis of the remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) by adding PM_2.5 concentration index to greenness, humidity, dryness and heat indexes. The results prove that: (1) The NRSEI model can more truly reflect the ecological environment of the research area. In the past 20 years, the quality of the ecological environment in the study area fluctuated and changed with a slightly decrease before 2009, and then showed a trend of improvement. Overall, the NRSEI grade was mainly medium or relatively good, and the ecological environment tended to be stable. (2) The ecological degradation areas were mostly distributed in the central and eastern parts of the study area, mainly due to the expansion of cities and towns. The improvement area was mainly distributed in the western part of the study area, mainly due to less human interference and the ecological priority policies implemented by the government, which had stabilized and improved the ecological environment of the area. (3) A separate analysis of the water bodies in the study area found that the ecological environment level of the water bodies and land change areas was above medium, and the overall ecological environment was good. (4) The changes in the quality of the ecological environment in the mining area were affected by the combined action of driving factors such as rainfall, temperature, slope and human activities. The government's measurements to control and protect the ecological environment had achieved positive results.