Abstract:
The phenomenon of tree species homogenization has become increasingly prevalent in both urban and rural greening projects across China. Preserving local identity and cultural memory, often referred to as "homesickness", has emerged as a critical factor in designing, restoring, and reconstructing regionally distinctive vegetative landscapes. Yet, the selection of appropriate tree species remains a major obstacle in the realization of such landscape identities. This study investigated 91 villages in Jiangxi Province through stratified sampling and classifies them into 12 types under three broader categories based on geographic location, industrial development, and construction style. By applying the Jaccard similarity index (
Jsim), we analyzed intra-group and inter-type similarities of woody plant species among the selected village types. Further analysis explored potential causes of high
Jsim values, with a focus on species selection practices and economic factors. The main findings are as outlined follows: (1) The overall similarity of woody species across village settlement greening projects is relatively high, with
Jsim > 0.4 for the majority of village pairs. (2) Geographic location, industry orientation, and construction type significantly affect the
Jsim values, with villages located near urban areas or characterized by industrial or newly developed attributes showing notably higher similarity indices. (3) The widespread adoption of a narrow range of native species, particularly
Osmanthus fragrans,
Camphora officinarum,
Photinia ×
fraseri and
Loropetalum chinense var.
rubrum, has greatly contributed to homogenization, echoing trends seen in urban greening efforts. (4) The proportion of exotic woody plant species were recently higher utilized in village greening, especially the
Jsim of exotic woody plant species were quite high in peri-urban villages and newly constructed villages. In conclusion, the greening of villages in Jiangxi Province is undergoing a marked trend toward homogenization in woody plant selection. This convergence is primarily driven by inappropriate species choices, with economically advantaged villages, contrary to expectations, not leading in cultivating diverse, locally distinctive landscapes, but rather accelerating the homogenization process.