Abstract: To comprehensively evaluate the resource status of medium and large mammals in the Putian Laoyingjian Provincial Nature Reserve, a systematic infrared camera survey was conducted from June 2023 to September 2024. A total of 16 mammal species were recorded, belonging to 4 orders, 10 families, and 14 genera. Among these, one species is classified as a national class Ⅰ protected wildlife species, and four species are classified as national class Ⅱ protected wildlife species. The study identified the two dominant medium-to-large mammal groups in the reserve as predominantly Oriental Realm species, reflecting distinct biogeographical affinities. The three species with the highest relative abundance index (RAI) and camera-site occupancy rates were Muntiacus reevesi, Sus scrofa, and Paguma larvata. Neither species richness nor RAI showed significant differences between the eastern and western sectors of the reserve (P>0.05). Analysis of circadian activity rhythms revealed significant temporal overlap between M. reevesi and S. scrofa (Δ₄=0.82), while the remaining dominant species exhibited moderate to low overlap or non-significant differences (P>0.05). Monthly activity rhythm analysis indicate that all four dominant species displayed bimodal activity peaks, suggesting adaptive responses to seasonal environmental variations. The findings from this infrared camera survey provide a preliminary assessment of the medium and large mammal community in the Putian Laoyingjian Provincial Nature Reserve. This study offers a scientific basis for further biodiversity research within the reserve and supplies data-driven support for biodiversity conservation efforts in related regions.