Abstract: The contradiction between the demand for intelligent management and traditional management is one of the main challenges currently facing hazardous waste environmental risk prevention and control in China. Focusing on the environmental risk prevention and control objectives for hazardous waste during the 15th Five-Year Plan, and addressing current issues such as weak cross-departmental coordination, data silos, and difficulties in risk tracing, this paper systematically analyzes the application logic of intelligent information technologies, including the Internet of Things, blockchain, digital twins and artificial intelligence, in the full-chain supervision of hazardous waste, from generation and collection to transportation, utilization, and disposal. This study proposes a comprehensive smart regulatory framework based on five key components: intelligent sensing, efficient data transmission, data analysis, smart decision-making, and zoned management. Integrating the Solid Waste Pollution Prevention and Control Law with the practice of Zero-Waste City, this study offers recommendations from the perspectives of institutional innovation, technological support, and collaborative governance. These suggestions aim to provide a theoretical basis for modernizing environmental governance and to promote the shift in hazardous waste management from passive regulation to intelligent and collaborative governance.