草原风电场草地生态修复模式探究及其生态效益评估:以兴安盟润泽风电场为例

Exploration on Ecological Restoration Model and Their Ecological Benefits for Grassland Wind Farm: A Case Study of Runze Wind Farm in Xing'an League

  • 摘要: 风电场建设引起的植被破坏会导致生态系统服务功能下降,科学高效地对风电场植被进行生态修复,对风电开发及其可持续发展具有重要意义。本研究以内蒙古自治区兴安盟润泽风电场基座下退化的草地生态系统为研究对象,开展退化草地生态修复模式的探究。研究采用裂区试验设计,设置补播牧草配置模式、覆土厚度、种植间距和施肥4种试验处理。在测定土壤理化性质、牧草覆盖度和地上生物量的基础上,以生态产品价值量化不同生态修复模式下草地的生态效益。结果表明:(1)相比覆土10 cm,覆土20 cm处理下补播牧草的地上生物量显著提升22.9%;施肥处理下补播牧草的地上生物量比不施肥显著提升23.3%。此外,覆土20 cm和宽行距的交互作用显著提高了补播牧草的覆盖度。(2)覆土厚度和施肥均显著提升了补播草地的牧草生产、固碳和释氧的价值;水源涵养价值主要受覆土厚度的影响。(3)风机底座草地修复采用"覆土20 cm+施肥"模式产生的生态效益最高(13.01元·m-2,每台产生生态效益2 810元),估算2025年在兴安盟地区推广该模式可产生3 838 460元的生态效益。研究结果可为草地风电场的生态修复模式及可再生能源和生态产品价值协同实现提供科学依据和实践经验。

     

    Abstract: Vegetation damage caused by wind farms can lead to a decline in ecosystem services. Thus, scientific and efficient ecological restoration is important for sustainable development of wind power. In this study, we explored the ecological restoration model for the degraded grassland vegetation at the Runze Wind Farm in Xing'an League. The experiment adopted a split-plot design to investigate an appropriate grassland ecological restoration model by examining different forage reseeding configurations, row spacings, soil covering thickness, and fertilization treatments. Based on measurements of soil physicochemical properties, forage coverage, and aboveground biomass, the ecological benefits of different restoration models were evaluated using an ecological product value approach. The results are as follows: 1) Compared with 10 cm cover-soil treatment, the aboveground biomass with 20 cm cover-soil treatment was significantly increased by 22.9%. Fertilization significantly increased the aboveground biomass by 23.3%. In addition, 20 cm cover-soil treatment and wide row spacing significantly increased the grassland coverage. 2) Soil cover thickness and fertilization have both increased the value of products, carbon sequestration, and oxygen release. Water conservation value was mainly influenced by soil-cover thickness. 3) The total ecological benefits were about 2810 CNY for every wind turbine under the mode of the 20 cm cover-soil and fertilization (13.01 CNY m-2). In 2025, the promotion of this ecological restoration model in Xing'an league region could generate ecological benefits amount to 3,838,460 CNY. This study can provide a scientific basis and practical experience for grassland ecological restoration in wind farm, and the synergistic realization of both renewable energy and ecosystem product value.

     

/

返回文章
返回