Abstract: Since the 1950s, the ecological environment has been deteriorating in the upper and middle reaches of the Changjing River, due to pressure from the drastic development of the society and economy and insufficient protection. Investigations on damage of the ecological environments of the provinces and cities alongside the Changjiang River show that the ecological disturbances closely related to the aggravating floods are mainly caused by over logging of forests, serious damage of the vegetation, random reclamation of slopelands, aggravating soil erosion, accelerated vanishing of lakes, diminution of floodwater storage capacity, serious siltation, and decreased flood discharging capacity.