Abstract: On the basis of the analysis of the relationship of the flood disaster in the Changjiang River Valley in 1998 with the decay in the ecological environment, it is suggested that the ecological rehabilitation program should keep sustainable development as its guiding ideology, and persist in the basic principle of harmonization of economic construction, social development and protection of the ecological environment; outlines of and strategies for protection, restoration and rehabilitation, and countermeasures of controlling and mitigating disasters are brought forth hereby.