农田生态补偿理论研究进展评述

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.02.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于国家粮食安全和生态安全战略格局构建的考虑，我国一直采用非均衡性的农田保护政策来保障农田的有序供给，然而配套补偿政策的不完善使得农田保护政策失灵，社会整体福利下降。因此，如何从政策层面上实现农田的非均衡性保护到均衡性的经济补偿，构建和完善农田生态补偿制度，是国家加快推进生态文明建设政策背景下的重要议题。从农田生态补偿概念界定、补偿利益相关主体界定和关系分析、补偿标准、补偿模式和方式、跨区域补偿以及补偿实施评价等方面梳理总结了国内外农田生态补偿的相关理论研究和实践发展动态，并指出当前研究在农田生态补偿机制构建、生态补偿标准测算和跨区域生态补偿3个方面所存在的缺陷和未来进一步的研究方向。研究可为政府设计出更加完整和富有针对性的农田生态补偿制度体系提供理论借鉴。

关键词: 农田生态补偿, 利益主体, 补偿标准, 补偿方式, 跨区域补偿, 实施成效

Abstract:

China is undergoing an ever so rapid urbanization process with large area of farmland converted into construction land every year. Due to the fundamental role of farmlands in guaranteeing national food security and ecological safety, China has always been trying to guarantee sustainable development of rural landscape and farmland ecological services with non-equilibrium farmland protection policies. However, the absence of a complete system of compensation policies makes the farmland protection policies ineffective, thus causing the holistic welfare of the society to decline. Therefore, how to realize the shift from non-equilibrium farmland protection policy to equilibrium farmland compensation policy at the policy level, and build and consummate a farmland ecological compensation system, is an important issue to discuss for the nation to expedite the construction of ecological civilization. A review is presented from the following six aspects:definition of farmland ecological compensation,stakeholders definition and relationship analysis of farmland ecological compensation, standard of farmland ecological compensation, mode and pattern of farmland ecological compensation, trans-regional farmland ecological compensation and performance evaluation of farmland ecological compensation, in an attempt to summarize progresses and advancement achieved both at home and abroad in the research on relevant theories and dynamics of its development and implementation. Meanwhile the review also addresses shortages in the current research and directions for future research from the following three aspects:(1) Construction of farmland ecological compensation system; (2) Calculation of farmland ecological compensation standard; and (3) Trans-regional farmland ecological compensation. The review and summary may provide the government with some theories and references in designing and formulating a more complete and target-specific farmland ecological compensation system.

Key words: farmland ecological compensation, relevant stakeholder, compensation standard, compensation mode, trans-regional compensation, implementation effect

中图分类号:

F301
F062.2

杨欣, 蔡银莺, 张安录. 农田生态补偿理论研究进展评述[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2017, 33(2): 104-113.

YANG Xin, CAI Yin-ying, ZHANG An-lu. Review of Researches on Theories for Farmland Ecological Compensation[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(2): 104-113.

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