贵阳某农村饮用水源地水环境健康风险评价

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.05.003

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 403-408.doi: 10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.05.003

贵阳某农村饮用水源地水环境健康风险评价

陈生科¹, 万玉², 杨明姣¹, 甘秀海¹

1. 贵州师范学院化学与生命科学学院, 贵州贵阳 550018;
2. 贵阳市乌当区环境保护局, 贵州贵阳 550018

收稿日期:2016-09-12 出版日期:2017-05-25 发布日期:2017-05-25
通讯作者: 甘秀海,E-mail:gxh200719@163.com E-mail:gxh200719@163.com
作者简介:陈生科(1982-),男,贵州遵义人,助理实验师,主要从事环境监测与治理研究。E-mail:zhihai6668@126.com
基金资助:
贵阳市乌当区科技局项目[2012]乌当科技合同字第49号；贵州省千层次创新型人才项目（黔人领发[2015]3号）；贵州师范学院2011年校级学生课题（201119）

Environmental Health Risk Assessment of Drinking Water Resource of a Village in Guiyang

CHEN Sheng-ke¹, WAN Yu², YANG Ming-jiao¹, GAN Xiu-hai¹

1. School of Chemistry and Life Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550018, China;
2. Environmental Protection Bureau of Wudang District, Guiyang 550018, China

Received:2016-09-12 Online:2017-05-25 Published:2017-05-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在对贵阳市某农村饮用水源地水体中镉、砷和六价铬等13种有毒有害物质浓度调查的基础上，应用美国环保局（USEPA）推荐的健康风险评价模型对饮用水源地水体中有毒有害物质的健康风险进行初步评价。结果表明，该区农村饮用水源地水体通过饮水途径的化学致癌物健康风险数量级为10^-7~10^-4，其中六价铬的致癌风险最大，为7.2×10^-5~3.7×10^-4 a^-1，均高于国际辐射防护委员会（ICRP）推荐的饮水途径最大可接受风险水平5.0×10^-5 a^-1和USEPA推荐的最大可接受风险水平1.0×10^-6 a^-1。另外，通过饮水途径的非致癌污染物健康风险数量级为10^-11~10^-8，远低于ICRP及USEPA推荐的最大可接受风险水平。化学致癌物的风险值远高于非化学致癌物，前者约是后者的1 000倍，占个人年总健康风险值的99.9%。因此，该农村饮用水源地水体中六价铬污染应引起相关部门的重视，进行优先治理。

关键词: 农村饮用水源, 水质调查, 健康风险评估, 贵阳

Abstract:

Based on the water quality monitoring data of of a village in Guiyang, covering 13 hazardous pollutants, including Cr⁶⁺, As and Cd, tentative environmental health risk assessment was carried out of the water body at the water head site of the region, using the USEPA health risk assessment model. Results show that the health risk of the villagers exposed to the carcinogenic substance in the water body through drinking water was rated in the range from 10^-7 to 10^-4. Cr⁶⁺ was the major contributor to the risk, varying in the range of 7.2×10^-5~3.7×10^-4 a^-1, all significantly higher than the maximum acceptable levels specified by ICRP and USEPA as 5.0×10^-5 a^-1 and 1.0×10^-6 a^-1, respectively. The non-carcinogenic risks of the water body through drinking water ranged from 10^-11 to 10^-8, much lower than the maximum levels specified by ICRP and USEPA. The risk caused by the carcinogens in the drinking water was about 1 000 times as high as that of the non-carcinogens, contributing 99.9% of the total risk. So that, the issue of Cr⁶⁺ in the drinking water should arouse the attention of relevant departments, and deserves the first priority for management.

Key words: rural drinking water resource, water quality investigation, health risk assessment, Guiyang

中图分类号:

X820

陈生科, 万玉, 杨明姣, 甘秀海. 贵阳某农村饮用水源地水环境健康风险评价[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2017, 33(5): 403-408.

CHEN Sheng-ke, WAN Yu, YANG Ming-jiao, GAN Xiu-hai. Environmental Health Risk Assessment of Drinking Water Resource of a Village in Guiyang[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(5): 403-408.

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贵阳某农村饮用水源地水环境健康风险评价

Environmental Health Risk Assessment of Drinking Water Resource of a Village in Guiyang

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