西安市黑河上游水源地大气降水离子特征及来源分析

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.05.004

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 409-416.doi: 10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.05.004

西安市黑河上游水源地大气降水离子特征及来源分析

朱艺文^1,2, 张福平^1,2, 王虎威^1,2, 刘筱^1,2

1. 陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院, 陕西西安 710062;
2. 地理学国家级实验教学示范中心(陕西师范大学), 陕西西安 710062

收稿日期:2016-07-01 出版日期:2017-05-25 发布日期:2017-05-25
通讯作者: 张福平,E-mail:zhang_fuping@163.com E-mail:zhang_fuping@163.com
作者简介:朱艺文(1991-),女,河南登封人,硕士生,主要从事生态水文方面的研究。E-mail:1135173224@qq.com
基金资助:
国家科技支撑计划（2012BAC08B07）；国家人力资源和社会保障部留学人员科技活动项目择优资助项目；陕西师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费科研发展专项（GK201101002）

Characteristics and Sources of Ion Deposition With Precipitation in the Upper Reaches of Heihe River, Xi'an

ZHU Yi-wen^1,2, ZHANG Fu-ping^1,2, WANG Hu-wei^1,2, LIU Xiao^1,2

1. College of Tourism and Environment, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China;
2. National Demonstration Center for Experimental Geography Education(Shaanxi Normal University), Xi'an 710062, China

Received:2016-07-01 Online:2017-05-25 Published:2017-05-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

于2014年9月-2015年8月期间，对西安黑河上游水源地云龙沟站点大气降水样品进行采集，采用相关性分析和富集因子法对样品的离子特征及来源进行分析。黑河上游地区大气降水中主要阳离子为Ca²⁺和NH₄⁺，主要阴离子为SO₄^2-和NO₃^-，与国内大多数城市地区降水的离子特征相似。除NH₄⁺和F^-外，其他离子浓度的季节变化特征为冬季 > 春季 > 夏季 > 秋季，表明离子浓度除了与发生源有关外，降雨量也是重要影响因素。离子间的相关性分析及离子来源的计算表明，SO₄^2-与NO₃^-相关性很强，且均主要受人为因素的影响；Na⁺与Cl^-相关性很强且均来自海洋源；地壳元素Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺和K⁺两两间相关性也较高。所有离子的来源贡献结果显示：人为活动贡献率为52.90%，地壳来源和海洋来源贡献率分别为38.43%和8.67%。

关键词: 降水, 离子特征, 离子来源, 黑河

Abstract:

Samples of atmospheric precipitation were collected during the period from September 2014 to August 2015 at the Yunlonggou Station in the water source region of the upper reaches of the Heihe River in Xi'an for analysis of ions the samples contained. Then characteristics and sources of the ions were explored through correlation analysis and with the enrichment factor method. The main cations contained in the samples were Ca²⁺ and NH₄⁺ and the main anions SO₄^2- and NO₃^-, which was similar to the characteristics of the precipitations in most urban areas of China. All the ions, except for NH₄⁺ and F^-, varied in concentration with the season, in an order of winter > spring > summer > autumn, which indicates that concentrations of the ions were related to their origins and amount of the precipitation as well. Correlation analysis of the ions and their origins indicates the correlation between SO₄^2- and NO₃^- was very high and both were affected by human factors; the correlation between Na⁺ and Cl^- was very high, too, because they are from the same source, i. e. sea; and so were the correlations between Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺ and K⁺ for they are all earth crust elements. Source analysis of the ions shows that human activities contribute 52.90%, more than half, of the ions in the precipitation, the earth crust does 38.43% and the oceans do 8.67%.

Key words: precipitation, ion characteristics, ion sources, Heihe River

中图分类号:

X824
X131

朱艺文, 张福平, 王虎威, 刘筱. 西安市黑河上游水源地大气降水离子特征及来源分析[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2017, 33(5): 409-416.

ZHU Yi-wen, ZHANG Fu-ping, WANG Hu-wei, LIU Xiao. Characteristics and Sources of Ion Deposition With Precipitation in the Upper Reaches of Heihe River, Xi'an[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(5): 409-416.

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西安市黑河上游水源地大气降水离子特征及来源分析

Characteristics and Sources of Ion Deposition With Precipitation in the Upper Reaches of Heihe River, Xi'an

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