中国农村生活污水处理技术现状分析及评价

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.10.001

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (10): 865-870.doi: 10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.10.001

中国农村生活污水处理技术现状分析及评价

谢林花¹, 吴德礼², 张亚雷²

1. 陕西科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 陕西西安 710021;
2. 同济大学环境科学与工程学院/污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 上海 200092

收稿日期:2017-10-25 出版日期:2018-10-25 发布日期:2018-10-25
作者简介:谢林花(1974-),女,陕西咸阳人,讲师,博士,主要研究方向为水污染控制与资源化利用。E-mail:19923751@@qq.com
基金资助:
陕西科技大学博士科研启动基金（2018BJ-27）；上海市科学技术委员会科研计划（16dz1206604）

Analysis and Evaluation of China's Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment Technology

XIE Lin-hua¹, WU De-li², ZHANG Ya-lei²

1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China;
2. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University/State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai 200092, China

Received:2017-10-25 Online:2018-10-25 Published:2018-10-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过查阅我国2000-2016年共计119项≤ 1 000 m³·d^-1农村生活污水处理实际工程案例文献，统计分析我国农村生活污水处理的技术模式、出水执行标准、6种主要污染物（化学需氧量、总氮、总磷、氨氮、SS、BOD₅）去除率，结合层次分析法对我国农村生活污水处理现状及发展态势进行分析。结果表明，57.26%的农村生活污水处理工艺的处理水量小于100 m³·d^-1；出水水质主要执行GB 18918-2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》，文献占比为74.99%；处理技术总体分为生物、生态和组合处理技术3大类，组合处理技术使用最多，多种工艺技术组合是未来农村生活污水处理的主要发展方向。文献中对于水质指标的考核重视程度由高到低分别为COD、总磷、氨氮和总氮，污染物去除的难易程度由易到难分别为COD、氨氮、总磷和总氮。

关键词: 农村生活污水, 处理技术, 排放标准, 水质指标

Abstract:

By looking up China's 119 literatures during 2000-2016, involving less 1 000 m³·d^-1 water yield of the case of rural domestic sewage treatment engineering, statistical analysis of our country's patterns of rural domestic sewage treatment technique, the effluent standards and six main pollutants index (COD, TN, TP, NH₃-N, SS and BOD₅) removal efficiencies were made. Combining analytic hierarchy process evaluation method,the research progress of the rural sewage treatment technology were predicted. The results show that the treatment of sewage treatment in rural areas is attracting a lot of attention year by year。About 57.26% water yield of the rural domestic sewage treatment facilities were less than 100 m³·d^-1. The main implementation of water quality is acoording to the pollutant discharge standards of urban sewage treatment plants (GB 18918-2002), accounting for 74.99%. The processing technology could be divided into three categories:biology, ecology and combinatorial treatment, among which combination processing technique was used the most. Various technological combinations are the main development direction of rural domestic sewage treatment in the future. The degree of emphasis of current literature technology's water indicator in descending order were COD, TP, NH₃-N, and TN. The degree of difficulty of removal of contaminants in descending order were TN, TP, NH₃-N, and COD.

Key words: rural domestic sewage, sewage treatment technology, effluent standard, water quality indicators

中图分类号:

谢林花, 吴德礼, 张亚雷. 中国农村生活污水处理技术现状分析及评价[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2018, 34(10): 865-870.

XIE Lin-hua, WU De-li, ZHANG Ya-lei. Analysis and Evaluation of China's Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment Technology[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2018, 34(10): 865-870.

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中国农村生活污水处理技术现状分析及评价

Analysis and Evaluation of China's Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment Technology

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