基于最小数据集的周至县猕猴桃园地土壤质量评价

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0041

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

周至县是陕西省猕猴桃种植的重要基地，也是我国猕猴桃之乡，其土壤质量的好坏严重制约着猕猴桃的质量与产量。在综合分析周至县猕猴桃产业带土壤理化性质基础上选取18个指标，建立最小数据集，对猕猴桃园地土壤质量进行评价，并分析不同种植年限园地土壤质量。结果表明，研究区土壤质量评价的最小数据集为总孔隙度、全磷、速效氮、Mg²⁺、全钾、有机质、含水量、速效磷和物理性黏粒9个指标。随着猕猴桃园地种植年限的增加，土壤质量呈先增长后稳定再增长的趋势。有机质、全氮、全钾、速效氮和速效磷等是制约研究区土壤质量的指标，在土壤质量评价中总权重占比达53%，而研究区土壤养分含量总体偏低；同时随种植年限的增加，土壤孔隙度和通气度逐渐降低，易形成土壤板结。因此提高猕猴桃产量与质量需要提高土壤养分质量，改变施肥结构，改善土壤结构。

关键词: 周至县, 猕猴桃, 最小数据集, 土壤质量

Abstract:

Zhouzhi County is an important kiwifruit production base in Shannxi Province and even China. The soil quality seriously affects the quality and yield of kiwifruit. 18 indexes were selected based on comprehensive analysis the soil physical and chemical properties in kiwifruit orchard. Then the minimum data set (MDS) method was used to evaluate the soil quality of different planting years and the whole kiwifruit orchard. As a result, 9 soil indexes (total porosity, total phosphorus, available nitrogen, Mg²⁺, total kalium, organic matter, water content, available phosphorus and physical clay) were suitable to soil quality assessment in study area selected into MDS. With the increasing of kiwifruit planting year, soil quality showed the trend of increase-stabilization-increase. The soil nutrients contents, such as organic matter, total nitrogen, total potassium, available nitrogen and available phosphorus were the restriction factors for soil quality, and those showed a weight ratio value of 53%. Moreover, the soil nutrient content was generally low in the study area. The results also showed that the soil porosity and ventilation were gradually decreased with planting year increasing, and may lead to soil consolidation. To improve the quality and yield of kiwifruit, it is necessary to improve soil nutrient quality, adjust fertilization structure and improve soil structure.

Key words: Zhouzhi County, Kiwifruit, MDS, soil quality

中图分类号:

S158

张福平, 高张, 李肖娟, 聂硕, 李玲, 刘洁遥. 基于最小数据集的周至县猕猴桃园地土壤质量评价[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(1): 69-75.

ZHANG Fu-ping, GAO Zhang, LI Xiao-juan, NIE Shuo, LI Ling, LIU Jie-yao. Soil Quality Assessment of Kiwifruit Field Using MDS Method in Zhouzhi County[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(1): 69-75.

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