常熟市食物氮足迹的量化及其影响因素研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0773

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着人口增长、经济发展和居民生活水平的逐渐提高，食物消费结构发生转变，食物源氮消费产生的环境问题不容忽视。以长江三角洲典型县级市常熟市为例，运用实地调研和N-calculator模型相结合的方法计算2000-2016年食物氮足迹及其影响因素。结果表明，2010-2016年常熟市县城居民人均氮足迹为14.68~20.00 kg·人^-1·a^-1，均值为（17.51±1.53）kg·人^-1·a^-1；常熟市农村居民人均食物氮足迹为17.58~24.87 kg·人^-1·a^-1，均值为（20.49±2.55）kg·人^-1·a^-1。县城居民食物氮足迹以动物源食物氮足迹为主（≥66.42%）；农村居民食物氮足迹由2000年以植物源为主（51.90%）转变为2016年以动物源为主（62.40%）。2016年常熟市食物消费氮代价为7.64 kg·kg^-1，比2000年下降24.65%，低于国家食物消费氮代价（9.90 kg·kg^-1），高于北京市水平（2.50 kg·kg^-1）。食物消费结构、人均GDP、人均可支配收入和城镇化率是影响食物氮足迹的主要因素。该研究可为城市的可持续发展和生态环境改善提供依据。

关键词: N-calculator模型, 氮足迹, 食物链, 氮代价, 常熟市

Abstract: The structure of food consumption is changing gradually with the population growth, economic development and the improvement of residents' living standards. The environmental problems caused by food-source nitrogen consumption shall not be ignored. In present study, Changshu City, a typical county level city in the Yangtze river delta was taken as an example. The field survey and nitrogen-calculator model were applied to analyze the food nitrogen footprint and its influencing factors in the study area during 2000 to 2016. The results show that the per capita food nitrogen footprint of urban residents in Changshu from 2010 to 2016 was 14.68-20.00 kg·person^-1·year^-1 with the average value of (17.51±1.53) kg·person^-1·year^-1. While the value from the rural residents ranged between 17.58-24.87 kg·person^-1·year^-1, averaged at (20.49±2.55) kg·person^-1·year^-1. For the urban residents, the animal-derived food was dominant (≥ 66.42%) for the food nitrogen footprint. While the rural residents' food nitrogen footprint was mainly from the plant-derived food in 2000 (51.90%) and changed to be animal-derived food in 2016 (62.40%). In 2016, the nitrogen cost in food consumption in Changshu was 7.64 kg·kg^-1, 24.65% lower than that in 2000. The value was lower than the national level (9.90 kg·kg^-1) while higher than Beijing's level (2.50 kg·kg^-1). Food consumption structure, per capita GDP, per capita disposable income and urbanization rate are main factors affecting food nitrogen footprint in Changshu. The results could be beneficial for the urban sustainable development and the improvement of urban and rural ecological environment.

Key words: nitrogen-calculator model, nitrogen footprint, food chain, nitrogen cost, Changshu

中图分类号:

X24
F126.1

张雅娟, 王延华, 杨浩, 蔡祖聪. 常熟市食物氮足迹的量化及其影响因素研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2020, 36(1): 62-69.

ZHANG Ya-juan, WANG Yan-hua, YANG Hao, CAI Zu-cong. Quantification of Food Nitrogen Footprint in Changshu City Associated With Its Influencing Factors[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(1): 62-69.

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