兴安落叶松林土壤有机碳特征及与其他土壤理化性质关系研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0855

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以不同林型兴安落叶松林土壤为研究对象，采用野外调查与室内分析相结合方法，探讨了兴安落叶松（Larix gmelinii）林土壤有机碳特征及与其他理化指标的相关性。结果显示：（1）兴安落叶松林（0~60 cm）土壤有机碳含量为13.42~142.18 g·kg^-1，平均含量为53.35 g·kg^-1，具有明显的表聚性，随土层深度增加，有机碳含量呈幂函数形式下降。（2）各林型土壤有机碳含量由大到小依次为杜香-兴安落叶松林（64.14 g·kg^-1）>杜鹃-兴安落叶松林（63.48 g·kg^-1）>草类-兴安落叶松林（39.99 g·kg^-1）。在0~10 cm土层，草类-兴安落叶松林土壤有机碳含量显著小于杜香-兴安落叶松林和杜鹃-兴安落叶松林；随土层深度增加，各林型间差异减小。（3）土壤含水量、K₂O含量以杜香-兴安落叶松林为最高，容重，速效钾、有机磷和有效磷含量以杜鹃-兴安落叶松林为最高，pH，铵态氮、Na₂O、MgO、Al₂O₃、CaO和Fe₂O₃含量以草类-兴安落叶松林为最高，各指标在3种林型间的差异主要表现在草类-兴安落叶松林分别与杜鹃-兴安落叶松林、杜香-兴安落叶松林之间。（4）各林型土壤有机碳含量与土壤含水量，铵态氮、速效钾、有机磷含量均呈显著正相关，与pH值呈显著负相关；除CaO含量外，土壤有机碳含量与其他金属氧化物含量均呈负相关关系；不同林型土壤有机碳主导因子不同，多元回归可用于更好地描述杜香-兴安落叶松林土壤有机碳含量与土壤性质间的关系。研究结果表明，林下植被是兴安落叶松林土壤有机碳的重要来源，杜香-兴安落叶松林和杜鹃-兴安落叶松林土壤有机碳含量高于草类-兴安落叶松林。在森林经营和植被恢复中，应制定科学合理的林下植被恢复与管理措施，使林下植被与上层林木协调发展。

关键词: 兴安落叶松, 森林土壤, 有机碳含量, 森林类型

Abstract: The characteristics of soil organic carbon (SOC) and its correlation with physicochemical indexes in different types of Larix gmelinii forest were studied based on field investigation and laboratory analysis. The results show that:(1) SOC contents were 13.42-142.18 g·kg^-1 with an average of 53.35 g·kg^-1 in 0-60 cm soil layer of Larix gmelinii forests, which presented an obvious surface aggregation and decreased as a power function pattern with soil depth. (2) SOC contents of different forest types ranked as:Ledum palustre-Larix gmelinii forest (64.14 g·kg^-1) > Rhododendron simsii-Larix gmelinii forest (63.48 g·kg^-1) > grass-Larix gmelinii forest (39.99 g·kg^-1). In the layer of 0-10 cm, SOC content in grass-Larix gmelinii forest was significantly lower than that of Ledum palustre-Larix gmelinii and Rhododendron simsii-Larix gmelinii forests; in which the differences were decreased with the increase of soil depth. (3) The highest contents of soil water and K₂O were found in soils from Ledum palustre-Larix gmelinii forest, the highest values of bulk density, available potassium, organic phosphorus and available phosphorus in soils were found in Rhododendron simsii-Larix gmelinii forest, and the highest values of pH, ammonium nitrogen, Na₂O, MgO, Al₂O₃, CaO and Fe₂O₃ in soils were found in grass-Larix gmelinii forest. The significant differences of the indexes were found between the grass-Larix gmelinii forest and Ledum palustre-Larix gmelinii, Rhododendron simsii-Larix gmelinii forests. (4) SOC content was positively correlated with soil water content, contents of ammonium nitrogen, available potassium and organic phosphorus, and negatively correlated with pH value. SOC content was negatively correlated with metal oxides contents, except for CaO content. According to multiple regression results, the undergrowth vegetation was an important origin of SOC in Larix gmelinii forest,[JP3]and the SOC contents in Ledum palustre-Larix gmelinii and Rhododendron simsii-Larix gmelinii forests were higher than that in grass-Larix gmelinii forest. In the process of forest management and vegetation restoration, the scientific and reasonable measures on restoration and management of undergrowth vegetation should be made to promote the coordinated growth of undergrowth vegetation and upper forest.

Key words: Larix gmelinii forest, forest soil, organic carbon content, forest type

中图分类号:

S154.1

王冰, 周扬, 张秋良. 兴安落叶松林土壤有机碳特征及与其他土壤理化性质关系研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(9): 1200-1208.

WANG Bing, ZHOU Yang, ZHANG Qiu-liang. Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon and Its Relationship with Other Soil Physicochemical Properties in Larix gmelinii Forest[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(9): 1200-1208.

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