陕西秦岭山区留坝县生态质量时空特征及影响因素分析

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0884

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于多时相Landsat 5和Landsat 8影像，构建遥感生态指数（RSEI），综合分析秦岭南麓腹地留坝县1990-2020年生态环境质量时空特征，并采用地理探测器模型（GDM）对生态环境质量空间分异进行归因。结果表明：（1）时间上，1990-2003年留坝县生态环境质量呈现大面积的小幅退化，生态环境质量等级下降1级的面积占退化总面积的96.47%；2003-2020年则呈现大面积的小幅改善，生态环境质量等级增加1级的面积占改善总面积的89.73%。（2）空间上，留坝县生态环境质量等级空间分布整体呈中等及以上，呈差和较差等级的区域较少，且主要分布于留侯镇西部裸地处和低山丘陵地区的居民地。（3）高程、年均温和农业生产是留坝县生态环境质量的主要影响因素，年降水和道路为次要影响因素。（4）自然因素和人为因素共同作用于留坝县的生态环境，农业生产、道路和人口压力等人为因素仍是未来留坝县生态建设需要协调的重点。

关键词: 遥感生态指数(RSEI), 地理探测器模型(GDM), 生态环境质量, 陕西秦岭山区

Abstract: Liuba County, the hinterland of the southern foot of the Qinling Mountains, was selected for this case study. Based on Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI images, the remote-sensing ecological index (RSEI) was constructed to analyze the spatio-temporal variations of the quality of ecological environment in Liuba County from 1990 to 2020. The geographical detector model was used to attribute the spatial variation of the quality of ecological environment. The results show that, temporally, from 1990 to 2003, the quality of ecological environment in Liuba County showed a large area of slight deterioration, and the area where RSEI grade decreased by one level accounted for 96.47% of the total degraded area. From 2003 to 2020, the quality of ecological environment in Liuba County showed a large area of minor improvement, and the area where RSEI grade increased by one level accounted for 89.73% of the total improved area. Spatially, the overall distribution of RSEI grade in Liuba County was medium or better. Areas with poor and inferior RSEI grades were mainly distributed in the bare land at western Liuhou Town and the residential areas in the hills, accounting for less proportion of the study area. The dominant driving factors of the quality of ecological environment in Liuba County were elevation, annual average temperature, and agricultural production. Annual precipitation and roads were the secondary factors. Natural factors and human factors had combined effects on the ecological environment of Liuba County. Human factors such as agricultural production, roads and population pressure were still the critical points to concern for future ecological construction in Liuba County.

Key words: remote sensing based ecological index (RSEI), geographical detector model (GDM), quality of ecological environment, Qinling Mountains of Shaanxi Province

中图分类号:

胡克宏, 张震. 陕西秦岭山区留坝县生态质量时空特征及影响因素分析[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(6): 751-760.

HU Ke-hong, ZHANG Zhen. Spatio-temporal Characteristics and Driving-factors Analysis of Ecological Quality Change in Qinling Mountains of Shaanxi Province: Case Study in Liuba County, Northwest China[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(6): 751-760.

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