生计分化对农户环境友好型技术采纳的决策行为的影响研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.0044

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于江西省1092户农户的微观数据,从当前农村社会农户生计分化这一突出现象切入,运用Triple-Hurdle模型,从自然、人力、社会、物质、金融、生态和心理7个维度,分析生计资本对农户环境友好型技术的采纳意愿、采纳行为以及采纳程度3个阶段决策行为的影响。结果表明:(1)有测土配方施肥技术采纳意愿的农户占样本总数的81.96%,其中24.13%的农户有采纳行为,并且采纳程度为91.60%,仍有较大提升空间。(2)农户的技术采纳意愿、采纳行为与采纳程度受到7项生计资本的综合影响且具有一定的差异性。(3)人力资本和社会资本对农户环境友好型技术采纳行为影响较小,社会资本和生态资本对农户采纳程度影响较小。基于此,建议加大对农田水利与农村教育的投入,健全和完善土地流转制度,提高对大型农机具的购置补贴,推广使用节能产品,加强相关技术宣传力度,完善示范、培训、推广体系建设,针对各类农户制定相应的技术服务措施,促进农户意愿向行为转化。

关键词: 生计分化, 环境友好型技术, 测土配方施肥技术, 决策行为, Triple-Hurdle模型

Abstract: Based on the micro-data from the surveying on 1092 farmer households in Jiangxi Province, the Triple-Hurdle model was used for analyses on the impact of farmer households' willingness to adopt, their adoption behavior, and their decision-making behavior on environment-friendly technologies. Seven dimensions of livelihood capital, including natural, manpower, social, physical, financial, ecological, and psychological were considered for the analyses. The analyses started from the prominent phenomenon of livelihood differentiation of farmer households in the current rural society. The results show that:(1) The number of farmer households who are willing to adopt soil testing and fertilizer application technology accounts for 81.96% of the sample, of which 24.13% have finally adopted the technology, and the degree of adoption is 91.60%, which still has more room for improvement. (2) Farmer households' willingness to adopt, adoption behavior and adoption degree are influenced by a combination of the seven demensions of livelihood capitals and are somewhat heterogeneous. (3) Human capital and social capital have less influence on farmer households' adoption behavior of environment-friendly technologies, and social capital and ecological capital have less influence on farmer households' adoption degree. Based on the results of the survey, for promoting the transformation of farmer households' willingness into real actions, the following measures are proposed:to increase investment for farmland water conservancy and rural education, to improve and perfect land transfer, to increase subsidies for the purchase of large farm machinery, to promote the use of energy-saving products, to strengthen the publicity of relevant technologies, to improve the construction of demonstration, training and promotion systems, and to develop corresponding technical service measures according to various types of farmer households.

Key words: livelihood differentiation, environment-friendly technology, soil testing fertilizer application technology, decision making behavior, Triple-Hurdle model

中图分类号:

张洁, 陈美球, 颜玉琦, 李兴懿. 生计分化对农户环境友好型技术采纳的决策行为的影响研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(2): 156-165.

ZHANG Jie, CHEN Mei-qiu, YAN Yu-qi, LI Xing-yi. Study of the Impact of Livelihood Differentiation on the Decision-making Behavior of Farmers' Adoption of Environment-friendly Technology[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(2): 156-165.

参考文献

[1] 张亨明,章皓月,朱庆生."双循环"新发展格局下我国粮食安全隐忧及其消解方略[J].改革,2021(9):134-144.[ZHANG Heng-ming,ZHANG Hao-yue,ZHU Qing-sheng.Hidden Worries of China's Food Security and Its Resolution Strategy under the New Development Pattern of "Dual Circulation"[J].Reform,2021(9):134-144.]
[2] 刘桃菊,陈美球.中国耕地保护制度执行力现状及其提升路径[J].中国土地科学,2020,34(9):32-37,47.[LIU Tao-ju,CHEN Mei-qiu.The Status-quo and Improvement Path for the Implementation of Cultivated Land Protection Policy in China[J].China Land Science,2020,34(9):32-37,47.]
[3] 吴宇哲,沈欣言.中国耕地保护治理转型:供给、管制与赋能[J].中国土地科学,2021,35(8):32-38.[WU Yu-zhe,SHEN Xin-yan.Governance Transformation for Cultivated Land Protection in China:Provision,Regulation and Enabling[J].China Land Science,2021,35(8):32-38.]
[4] 柯楠,卢新海,匡兵,等.碳中和目标下中国耕地绿色低碳利用的区域差异与影响因素[J].中国土地科学,2021,35(8):67-76.[KE Nan,LU Xin-hai,KUANG Bing,et al.Regional Differences and Inf Luencing Factors of Green and Low-carbon Utilization of Cultivated Land under the Carbon Neutrality Target in China[J].China Land Science,2021,35(8):67-76.]
[5] 颜玉琦,陈美球,张洁,等.农户环境友好型耕地保护技术的采纳意愿与行为响应:基于江西省1092户农户测土配方施肥技术应用的实证[J].中国土地科学,2021,35(10):85-93.[YAN Yu-qi,CHEN Mei-qiu,ZHANG Jie,et al.Farmers' Willingness and Behavior Response to Environmental Friendly Cultivated Land Protection Technology:The Empirical Evidence from Application of Soil Testing and Formula Fertilization Technology Based on 1092 Farmers in Jiangxi Province[J].China Land Science,2021,35(10):85-93.]
[6] 岳梦,张露,张俊飚.土地细碎化与农户环境友好型技术采纳决策:以测土配方施肥技术为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2021,30(8):1957-1968.[YUE Meng,ZHANG Lu,ZHANG Jun-biao.Land Fragmentation and Farmers' Environmental-friendly Technology Adoption Decision:Taking Soil Measurement and Fertilization Technology as an Example[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2021,30(8):1957-1968.]
[7] 周力,冯建铭,应瑞瑶,等.农户精准施肥两阶段异质性及采纳行为研究:基于劳动偏向型特征的再考察[J].农业技术经济,2021(8):81-91.[ZHOU Li,FENG Jian-ming,YING Rui-yao,et al.Two Stages of Precision Fertilization and Farmers' Adoption:Re-examination of Labor-intensive Characteristics[J].Journal of Agrotechnical Economics,2021(8):81-91.]
[8] 王一超,郝海广,张惠远,等.农牧交错区农户生计分化及其对耕地利用的影响:以宁夏盐池县为例[J].自然资源学报,2018,33(2):302-312.[WANG Yi-chao,HAO Hai-guang,ZHANG Hui-yuan,et al.Livelihood Diversification of Farm Household and Its Impact on the Utilization of Cultivated Land in Agro-Pastoral Area:A Case Study of Yanchi County,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2018,33(2):302-312.]
[9] 许恒周,郭玉燕,吴冠岑.农民分化对耕地利用效率的影响:基于农户调查数据的实证分析[J].中国农村经济,2012(6):31-39,47.[XU Heng-zhou,GUO Yu-yan,WU Guan-cen.Influence of Farmers' Differentiation on Cultivated Land Use Efficiency:An Empirical Analysis Based on Farmers' Survey Data[J].Chinese Rural Economy,2012(6):31-39,47.]
[10] 王璇,张俊飚,何可.生计资本能影响农户有机肥施用行为吗?[J].生态与农村环境学报,2020,36(9):1141-1148.[WANG Xuan,ZHANG Jun-biao,HE Ke.Will Livelihood Capital Affect Farmers' Organic Fertilizer Application Behavior?[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2020,36(9):1141-1148.]
[11] 文龙娇,常雪,顾天竹.农地确权何以影响农户环境友好型农业技术采纳:基于太湖上游地区调查[J].重庆大学学报(社会科学版),2020,26(2):46-56.[WEN Long-jiao,CHANG Xue,GU Tian-zhu.Analysis of the Scale of Farmland Rights Certification and Farmers' Adoption Behavior of Environment Friendly Agricultural Technology:Based on the Survey of the Upper Reaches of Taihu Basin[J].Journal of Chongqing University (Social Science Edition),2020,26(2):46-56.]
[12] QI X X,LIANG F C,YUAN W H,et al.Factors Influencing Farmers' Adoption of Eco-friendly Fertilization Technology in Grain Production:An Integrated Spatial-econometric Analysis in China[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2021,310:127536.
[13] 盖豪,颜廷武,张俊飚.基于分层视角的农户环境友好型技术采纳意愿研究:以秸秆还田为例[J].中国农业大学学报,2018,23(4):170-182.[GAI Hao,YAN Ting-wu,ZHANG Jun-biao.A Study on Farmers' Willingness to Adopt Environmental-Friendly Technology from Stratification Angle:Taking Straw Returning as an Example[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2018,23(4):170-182.]
[14] 胡乃娟,王羽涛,陶宝瑞,等.生态认知、外部环境对稻虾共作模式农户农资投入减量化行为的影响:基于江苏省589个农户的调研数据[J].生态与农村环境学报,2021,37(8):983-991.[HU Nai-juan,WANG Yu-tao,TAO Bao-rui,et al.The Influence of Ecological Cognition and External Environment on the Agricultural Input Reduction Behavior of Rice and Crayfish Co-Cropping Farmers:Based on the Survey Data of 589 Farmers in Jiangsu Province[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2021,37(8):983-991.]
[15] 尚光引,杨欣.政策认知对农户低碳农业技术采纳决策的影响[J].应用生态学报,2021,32(4):1373-1382.[SHANG Guang-yin,YANG Xin.Impacts of Policy Cognition on Low-carbon Agricultural Technology Adoption of Farmers[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2021,32(4):1373-1382.]
[16] 罗岚,杨小芳,牛文浩,等.认知规范、制度环境与果农绿色生产技术多阶段动态采纳过程:基于Triple-Hurdle模型的分析[J].农业技术经济,2022(10):98-113.[LUO Lan,YANG Xiao-fang,NIU Wen-hao,et al.Cognitive Norms,Institutional Environment and Multi-stage Dynamic Process of Fruit Farmers Adopting Green Production Technology:An Analysis Based on the Triple-Hurdle Model[J].Journal of Agrotechnical Economics,2022(10):98-113.]
[17] 谢依林,文高辉,胡贤辉.农户分化、生态认知对农户农田面源污染治理受偿意愿的影响[J].长江流域资源与环境,2021,30(8):1992-2001.[XIE Yi-lin,WEN Gao-hui,HU Xian-hui.Research on the Influence of Farmer Differentiation and Ecological Cognition on Farmers' Willingness to Accept for Cropland Non-Point Source Pollution Control[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2021,30(8):1992-2001.]
[18] 杜娟,谢芳婷,刘小进,等.不同群体林农对生态公益林补偿政策的满意度研究:基于江西省南方集体林区的实证分析[J].林业经济,2019,41(9):16-23.[DU Juan,XIE Fang-ting,LIU Xiao-jin,et al.Study on the Satisfaction of Different Groups of Forest Farmers towards Ecological Compensation Policy:An Empirical Analysis Based on the Collective Forest Regions in Southern Jiangxi Province[J].Forestry Economics,2019,41(9):16-23.]
[19] 马红玉,王转弟.社会资本、心理资本对农民工创业绩效影响研究:基于陕西省889份农户调研数据[J].农林经济管理学报,2018,17(6):738-745.[MA Hong-yu,WANG Zhuan-di.Influence of Social and Psychological Capital on Entrepreneurial Performance of Migrant Workers:Based on Survey Data of 889 Rural Households in Shaanxi Province[J].Journal of Agro-Forestry Economics and Management,2018,17(6):738-745.]
[20] 耿亚新,刘栩含,饶品样.农户生计资本和区域异质性对生计策略的影响研究:基于中国家庭追踪调查数据的实证分析[J].林业经济,2021,43(5):17-31.[GENG Ya-xin,LIU Xu-han,RAO Pin-yang.Study on the Impact of Rural Livelihood Capital and Regional Heterogeneity on Livelihood Strategies:Based on an Empirical Analysis of CFPS Data[J].Forestry Economics,2021,43(5):17-31.]
[21] 刘玲,舒伯阳,马应心.可持续生计分析框架在乡村旅游研究中的改进与应用[J].东岳论丛,2019,40(12):127-137.[LIU Ling,SHU Bo-yang,MA Ying-xin.Improvement and Application of Sustainable Livelihood Analysis Framework in Rural Tourism Research[J].Dongyue Tribune,2019,40(12):127-137.]
[22] 穆月英,赖继惠.生计资本框架下农户蔬菜流通渠道及影响因素[J].农林经济管理学报,2021,20(4):429-437.[MU Yue-ying,LAI Ji-hui.Farmers' Multi-choice of Vegetable Distribution and Its Influencing Factors from the Perspective of Livelihood Capital[J].Journal of Agro-forestry Economics and Management,2021,20(4):429-437.]
[23] 张连刚,陈卓.农民专业合作社提升了农户社会资本吗?:基于云南省506份农户调查数据的实证分析[J].中国农村观察,2021(1):106-121.[ZHANG Lian-gang,CHEN Zhuo.Do Farmers' Specialized Cooperatives Increase Farmers' Social Capital?An Analysis Based on Survey Data from 506 Farmers inYunnan Province[J].China Rural Survey,2021(1):106-121.]
[24] 刘林,李光浩,王力.少数民族农户收入差距的经验证据:物质资本、人力资本抑或社会资本[J].农业技术经济,2016(5):70-79.[LIU Lin,LI Guang-hao,WANG Li.Empirical Evidence of Income Gap of Minority Farmers:Material Capital,Human Capital or Social Capital?[J].Journal of Agrotechnical Economics,2016(5):70-79.]
[25] 王凯,李志苗,易静.生态移民户与非移民户的生计对比:以遗产旅游地武陵源为例[J].资源科学,2016,38(8):1621-1633.[WANG Kai,LI Zhi-miao,YI Jing.Contrasting the Livelihoods of Immigrants and Nonimmigrants in the Wulingyuan World Heritage Area[J].Resources Science,2016,38(8):1621-1633.]
[26] 袁东波,陈美球,廖彩荣,等.土地转出农户主观福祉现状及其影响因素分析:基于生计资本视角[J].中国土地科学,2019,33(3):25-33.[YUAN Dong-bo,CHEN Mei-qiu,LIAO Cai-rong,et al.Analysis of Subjective Well-being of Farmers with Land Transfer and Its Influencing Factors:From the Perspective of Livelihood Capitals[J].China Land Science,2019,33(3):25-33.]
[27] LUTHANS F,YOUSSEF C M.Human,Social,and Now Positive Psychological Capital Management[J].Organizational Dynamics,2004,33(2):143-160.
[28] 王世尧,金媛,韩会平.环境友好型技术采用决策的经济分析:基于测土配方施肥技术的再考察[J].农业技术经济,2017(8):15-26.[WANG Shi-yao,JIN Yuan,HAN Hui-ping.Economic Analysis on the Decision-making of Environment-friendly Technology:Re-examination Based on Soil Testing and Formulated Fertilization Technology[J].Journal of Agrotechnical Economics,2017(8):15-26.]
[29] 杜三峡,罗小锋,黄炎忠,等.风险感知、农业社会化服务与稻农生物农药技术采纳行为[J].长江流域资源与环境,2021,30(7):1768-1779.[DU San-xia,LUO Xiao-feng,HUANG Yan-zhong,et al.Risk Perception,Specialized Agricultural Services and Rice Farmers' Adoption Behavior of Biological Pesticide Technology[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2021,30(7):1768-1779.]
[30] 张洁,陈美球,谢贤鑫,等.劳动力禀赋、耕地破碎化与农户生态耕种决策行为[J].中国农业资源与区划,2022,43(3):28-36.[ZHANG Jie,CHEN Mei-qiu,XIE Xian-xin,et al.Farmer's Labor Endowment,Farmland Fragmentation and Farmer's Ecological Farming Decision-making Behavior[J].Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,2022,43(3):28-36.]
[31] 史恒通,睢党臣,吴海霞,等.社会资本对农户参与流域生态治理行为的影响:以黑河流域为例[J].中国农村经济,2018(1):34-45.[SHI Heng-tong,SUI Dang-chen,WU Hai-xia,et al.The Influence of Social Capital on Farmers' Participation in Watershed Ecological Management Behavior:Evidence from Heihe Basin[J].Chinese Rural Economy,2018(1):34-45.]
[32] 郭清卉,李昊,李世平,等.基于行为与意愿悖离视角的农户亲环境行为研究:以有机肥施用为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2021,30(1):212-224.[GUO Qing-hui,LI Hao,LI Shi-ping,et al.Research on Farmers' Pro-environmental Behavior from the Perspective of Paradox Existing between Behavior and Willingness:Taking the Organic Fertilizers Application as an Example[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin,2021,30(1):212-224.]
[33] CRAGG J G.Some Statistical Models for Limited Dependent Variables with Application to the Demand for Durable Goods[J].Econometrica,1971,39(5):829.
[34] BURKEW J,MYERS R J,JAYNE T S.A Triple-Hurdle Model of Production and Market Participation in Kenya's Dairy Market[J].American Journal of Agricultural Economics,2015,97(4):1227-1246.
[35] 陈宏伟,穆月英.社会网络、交易成本与农户市场参与行为[J].经济经纬,2020,37(5):45-53.[CHEN Hong-wei,MU Yue-ying.Social Network,Transaction Cost and Farmers' Market Participation Behavior[J].Economic Survey,2020,37(5):45-53.]
[36] 史雨星,姚柳杨,赵敏娟.社会资本对牧户参与草场社区治理意愿的影响:基于Triple-Hurdle模型的分析[J].中国农村观察,2018(3):35-50.[SHI Yu-xing,YAO Liu-yang,ZHAO Min-juan.The Effectof Social Capitalon Herdsmen's Participation Willingnessin Grassland Community Governance:An Analysis Based on Triple-Hurdle Model[J].China Rural Survey,2018(3):35-50.]