苕溪流域生猪养殖产污特征

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.10.011

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 943-949.doi: 10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2017.10.011

苕溪流域生猪养殖产污特征

陈玉东¹, 周慧平¹, 庄犁^1,2, 苏良湖¹, 孙旭¹, 梁康康¹, 张龙江¹

1. 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所, 江苏南京 210042;
2. 南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院, 江苏南京 210044

收稿日期:2016-08-23 出版日期:2017-10-25 发布日期:2017-11-24
通讯作者: 张龙江,E-mail:zlj@nies.org E-mail:zlj@nies.org
作者简介:陈玉东(1984-),男,江苏响水人,助理研究员,博士,主要研究方向为农田磷素循环及农村面源污染控制。E-mail:dongzi1225@sina.com
基金资助:
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2014ZX07101-012）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项（2016）；国家重点研发计划（SQ2017YFD0801301，SQ2016YFNC060041）

Pollution Production Coefficient of Pig Farms Typical of Tiaoxi Basin

CHEN Yu-dong¹, ZHOU Hui-ping¹, ZHUANG Li^1,2, SU Liang-hu¹, SUN Xu¹, LIANG Kang-kang¹, ZHANG Long-jiang¹

1. Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China;
2. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China

Received:2016-08-23 Online:2017-10-25 Published:2017-11-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

不同规模的畜禽养殖、管理模式不同，畜禽的产污特征存在很大差异。探究不同规模畜禽产污规律可为区域粪污的合理利用及污染防治提供科学依据。选取苕溪流域2家规模不同的生猪养殖场，对其养殖污水及生猪粪便进行收集和分析，对比2家养殖场不同养殖阶段生猪养殖污水、粪便的污染物含量和产污系数特征。结果表明：规模较小的金爱养殖场（年出栏量500头）单头生猪养殖污水及粪便的日均产量均高于大观山养殖场（年出栏量36 000头）；大观山养殖场生猪养殖污水和粪便中污染物含量大多高于金爱养殖场，金爱养殖场养殖废物中总磷（TP）含量远高于大观山，可能是因为金爱养殖场使用的泔水中TP含量过高导致；大观山养殖场保育、育肥和妊娠3个阶段的总氮（TN）产污系数分别为8.94、18.68、30.65 g·d^-1·头^-1，TP产污系数分别为3.91、7.62、14.77 g·d^-1·头^-1，金爱养殖场保育、育肥和妊娠3个阶段的TN产污系数分别为9.84、19.77、32.95 g·d^-1·头^-1，TP产污系数分别为5.87、15.23、30.09 g·d^-1·头^-1，大观山养殖场TN产污系数略高于金爱养殖场，金爱养殖场TP产污系数远高于大观山养殖场。2家养殖场重金属的产污系数相差不大，说明不同生猪养殖规模对TP的产污系数影响较大，而对TN和重金属的产污系数影响较小。

关键词: 生猪养殖, 苕溪流域, 产污系数

Abstract:

Livestock and poultry breeding farms different in scale vary in management mode, and in pollution generation characteristic, too. Studying their pollution generation characteristics relative to scale of the farm may help provide some scientific basis for rational regional waste utilization and pollution control. Two pig farms different in scale in Tiaoxi Basin were selected for the study, samples of wastewater and pig feces generated in these two pig farms were collected for analysis to characterize, pollutant contents in the wastewater and feces and pollution generation coefficient of the farms different in scale at different stages. Results show that the Jinai Farm (annually 500 pigs sent to the slaughterhouse) was higher than in the Daguanshan Farm (annually 36 000 pigs sent the slaughterhouse) in average daily production of breeding sewage and feces per pig; the Daguanshan Farm was higher than the Jinai Farm in pollution content (except for P) in the sewage and feces; the Jianai Farm was much too higher than the Daguanshan Farm in content of total phosphorus(TP) in the pig waste, which might result from the use of swill as feed, which was higher in TP. Pollution generation coefficient varied with pig breeding stage. In the Daguanshan Farm, generation coefficient reached 8.94, 18.68 and 30.65 g·d^-1 for TN and 3.91, 7.62 and 14.77 g·d^-1 for TP, respectively, at the stage of nursery, fattening and gestation in the Daguanshan Farm, and 9.84, 19.77 and 32.95 g·d^-1 for TN, and 5.87, 15.23 and 30.09 g·d^-1 for TP, respectively, at the Jinai Farm. Apparently, the Daguanshan Farm was slightly higher than the Jinai Farm in total nitrogen (TN) pollutant generation, but much lower in TP pollutant generation coefficient and the two farms were quite similar in heavy metal pollutants generation coefficient, which demonstrate that scale of a pig farm is a major factor affecting TP pollutant generation coefficient, but a minor one affecting TN and heavy metal pollutant generation coefficients.

Key words: pig breeding, Tiaoxi Basin, pollutant generation coefficient

中图分类号:

X502
X830.7

陈玉东, 周慧平, 庄犁, 苏良湖, 孙旭, 梁康康, 张龙江. 苕溪流域生猪养殖产污特征[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2017, 33(10): 943-949.

CHEN Yu-dong, ZHOU Hui-ping, ZHUANG Li, SU Liang-hu, SUN Xu, LIANG Kang-kang, ZHANG Long-jiang. Pollution Production Coefficient of Pig Farms Typical of Tiaoxi Basin[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2017, 33(10): 943-949.

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苕溪流域生猪养殖产污特征

Pollution Production Coefficient of Pig Farms Typical of Tiaoxi Basin

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