植物分解及含水量对鄱阳湖湿地土壤磷形态影响模拟研究

doi:10.11934/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.07.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以鄱阳湖湿地土壤为研究对象，结合野外采样与室内模拟实验，借助连续提取法（SMT法）和31磷核磁共振（³¹P-NMR）技术，研究土壤含水量及其与优势植物灰化苔草（Carex cinerascens）分解作用下湿地土壤磷含量和形态的变化特征。结果表明：模拟实验所用鄱阳湖湿地土壤总磷（TP）含量为531 mg·kg^-1；无机磷（IP）含量为305 mg·kg^-1，其主要由钙结合态磷（Ca-P）组成；有机磷（OP）含量为218 mg·kg^-1，其组成主要包括单酯、二酯和焦磷酸盐。在不同土壤含水量（露干、恒湿、干湿交替、水位上升和水位下降）作用下，各培养组表层0~2 cm土壤TP、IP和Ca-P含量变化规律相似，均呈不同程度的下降，其中，干湿交替组降低幅度最大；干湿交替组0~2 cm土壤铁铝磷（Fe/Al-P）含量下降幅度与露干组相当，均低于其他培养组；不同培养组土壤OP含量和组成变化并不明显。在植物分解和土壤含水量变化的共同作用下，植物分解引起>2~5 cm土壤TP、IP、Ca-P和OP含量均明显增加，二酯/单酯比值和二酯/焦磷酸比值亦呈增加趋势，其中，二酯/焦磷酸比值增加最明显；但表层0~2 cm土壤TP、Fe/Al-P和OP含量却明显降低，其中，OP含量下降幅度（9.0%~15.2%）远高于土壤含水量单一因素作用组，表明植物分解可增加土壤微生物活性，提高表层土壤OP的分解速率。

关键词: 植物分解, 土壤含水量, 鄱阳湖湿地, 土壤磷

Abstract:

The objectives of this study were to investigate the changes in phosphorus in soils of Poyang Lake wetland under the combined action of soil water content and decomposition of Carex cinerascens through field sampling and laboratory simulation experimental analysis. The forms of phosphorus were analyzed by SMT and ³¹P-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (³¹P-NMR). The results show that the total phosphorus (TP) in soils of Poyang Lake wetland to be 531 mg·kg^-1 and the inorganic phosphorus (IP) to be 305 mg·kg^-1. The Ca-P was the main component of IP, and the organic phosphorus (OP) was 218 mg·kg^-1, which mainly consisted of monoesters, diesters, and pyrophosphate. Affected by different soil water contents (dew dry, humidity, wet dry, rising water levels, and falling water levels), the changes of TP, IP, and Ca-P in 0-2 cm surface soils were similar and showed varying degrees of decline, and the maximum decrease was observed in the wet dry group. The changes in Fe/Al-P in the 0-2 cm wet dry group were similar to those in the dew dry group, which were lower than those of other culture groups; the content of OP in 0-2 cm soils did not change significantly with different culture groups. Under the decomposition of plants and soil water content, the content of TP, IP, OP, diester/monoester, and diester/pyrophosphate were significantly increased in >2-5 cm soil. However, the contents of TP, Fe/Al-P, and OP in 0-2 cm soil were significantly lower, and the decrease amplitude of OP (9.0%-15.2%) was much higher in other groups under the single factor of soil water content, indicating that the decomposition of plants increased the activity of soil microorganisms and increased the decomposition rate of OP in topsoil.

Key words: plant composition, soil water content, Poyang Lake wetland, soil phosphorus

中图分类号:

X52
S154.1

白秀玲, 辛星, 李文丽, 王杰华, 宁立新. 植物分解及含水量对鄱阳湖湿地土壤磷形态影响模拟研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2018, 34(7): 592-598.

BAI Xiu-ling, XIN Xing, LI Wen-li, WANG Jie-hua, NING Li-xin. Effects of Plant Decomposition and Water Content on Phosphorus in Soils of Poyang Lake Wetland[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2018, 34(7): 592-598.

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