湖北省兴山县大型子囊菌物种多样性研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0723

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 湖北省宜昌市兴山县是三峡库区的重要组成部分。为全面掌握该县大型子囊菌物种资源，提高对三峡库区生物多样性的认识，于2016年10月-2018年8月不同季节进行10次大型子囊菌标本采集和资源调查，并采用形态分类学和分子系统学方法进行物种鉴定。结果表明，兴山县大型子囊菌有4纲5目20科48属96种，其中杯紫胶盘菌（Ascocoryne cylichnium）、橘色小双孢盘菌（Bisporella citrina）和波托绿杯菌（Chlorociboria poutoensis）等40个物种为湖北省首次报道。优势属为盘菌属（Peziza），共有9种，占总种数的9.38%；优势科为火丝菌科，共有17种，占总种数的17.71%。多数大型子囊菌物种主要分布于海拔800~1 600 m的区域，林分类型以常绿落叶阔叶混交林为主，分布最广泛的物种是异常粒毛盘菌（Lachnum abnorme）。大型子囊菌营养类型中，土生41种，木生40种，虫生10种，菌寄生2种，土生和木生兼生3种。根据LSU rDNA序列构建兴山县大型子囊菌主要物种系统发育树，反映了这些子囊菌物种之间的亲缘关系。

关键词: 大型子囊菌, 物种组成, 系统发育

Abstract: Xingshan County of Hubei Province is situated in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. In order to know well macro-ascomycetous species in this county and improve the understanding of the biodiversity of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, a series of survey of macro-ascomycetous and collecting of specimens were carried out in the duration from October of 2016 to August of 2018. The specimens were identified based on morphological and molecular systematic methods. A total of 96 species belonging to 4 classes, 5 orders, 20 families, and 48 genera were confirmed. Among them, forty species were recorded for the first time in Hubei Province, such as Ascocoryne cylichnium, Bisporella citrina, Chlorociboria poutoensis and so on. The most dominant genus was Peziza, including 9 species accounting for 9.38% of the total species, and the most dominant family was Pyronemataceae, including 17 species accounting for 17.71% of the total species. Most of the species were widely distributed in the areas with 800-1 600 m above sea level and mainly grown in the evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest. Lachnum abnorme was found as the widely distributed species. There were 41 species of geophilous fungi, 40 species of lignicolous fungi, 10 species of entomogenous fungi, 2 species of fungicolous fungi and 3 species of geophilous or lignicolous fungi. A phylogenetic tree based on the LSU rDNA sequence was constructed, showing the relationship among major macro-ascomycetes species in Xingshan County.

Key words: macro-ascomycete, species composition, phylogeny

中图分类号:

王睿, 张鲜, 高扬, 陈双林, 闫淑珍. 湖北省兴山县大型子囊菌物种多样性研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2020, 36(3): 342-348.

WANG Rui, ZHANG Xian, GAO Yang, CHEN Shuang-lin, YAN Shu-zhen. An Investigation on Species Diversity of Macro-ascomycetes in Xingshan County, Hubei Province[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(3): 342-348.

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