不同水源原水溶解性有机物特性分析

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0512

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解不同水源原水中溶解性有机物的特性，分别从亲疏水性、比紫外吸光度（SUVA）、分子量分布和三维荧光特性4个方面对赣江和鄱阳湖原水进行了研究。结果表明，两地原水整体上呈现疏水性和亲水性组分各占一半，且强疏和中亲组分占比较高，而弱疏和极亲组分占比较少的状况。其中赣江原水中强疏、中亲、弱疏和极亲组分占比（以DOC计）依次为37.28%、38.99%、14.54%和9.19%；赣江原水中强疏、弱疏和极亲组分的SUVA值（4.47、3.44和4.14）远高于中亲组分（1.22），而鄱阳湖原水中强疏和弱疏组分的SUVA值（1.49和1.51）略高于极亲和中亲组分（1.00和0.70）；两地原水中的有机物分子量呈现出较为相似的规律，即多以中等分子量（1~10 kDa）有机物为主，同时还含有少量小分子量（<1 000 Da）有机物，而在大分子量（>10 kDa）区域无响应峰出现；两地原水均以富里酸和腐殖酸等腐殖质类疏水性有机物为主，但鄱阳湖原水中表现出的蛋白质类荧光峰较赣江原水更为明显。该研究为了解不同水源原水中溶解性有机物特性提供了参考，同时也为采取合理的控制措施（如臭氧氧化、活性炭吸附或膜滤技术等）提供了理论依据。

关键词: 溶解性有机物, 亲疏水性, 分子量分布, 三维荧光

Abstract: In order to understand the characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in different surface waters, the Ganjiang River and Poyang Lake were studied from four aspects:hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, SUVA, molecular weight distribution and three-dimensional fluorescence characteristics. The results of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity analyses show that as a whole the hydrophobic fractions and the hydrophilic fractions in the two surface waters each accounted for roughly half, and the high hydrophobic fraction (HPO) and neutral hydrophilic fraction (N-HPI) accounted for a relatively high amount, while the transphilic fraction (TPI) and charged hydrophilic fraction (C-HPI) had less content, in which the proportions of HPO, N-HPI, TPI and C-HPI (calculated as DOC) in the Ganjiang River were 37.28%, 38.99%, 14.54% and 9.19%, respectively. The SUVA values of the fractions in the two surface waters were different. The SUVA values (4.47, 3.44, 4.14) of the HPO, TPI, and C-HPI in the Ganjiang River were much higher than that of the N-HPI (1.22). However, the SUVA value (1.49, 1.51) of the HPO and TPI in the Poyang Lake were slightly higher than that of the C-HPI (1.00) and N-HPI (0.70). Moreover, the molecular weight distribution show that the molecular weight of DOM in the two surface waters presented a relatively similar rule, i.e. the DOM with a medium molecular weight (1-10 kDa) was the main component, and it also contained a small amount of DOM with a small molecular weight (<1 000 Da), while for the high molecular weight (>10 kDa) no response peak appeared in the region. Three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy show that the surface waters were mainly humic acid-like hydrophobic DOM such as fulvic acid and humic acid, but the protein-like fluorescence peaks in the surface water of Poyang Lake were more obvious than those in the Ganjiang River. This research idea provids a reference for understanding the characteristics of dissolved organic matter in raw water from different sources, and the research results also offer a theoretical basis for taking reasonable control measures (such as ozone oxidation, activated carbon adsorption or membrane filtration technology, etc.).

Key words: dissolved organic matters (DOM), hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, molecular weight distribution, three-dimensional fluorescence

中图分类号:

X524

杨银, 丰桂珍, 江立文. 不同水源原水溶解性有机物特性分析[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(6): 801-807.

YANG Yin, FENG Gui-zhen, JIANG Li-wen. Characteristic Analysis of Dissolved Organic Matter in Different Surface Waters[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(6): 801-807.

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