关键词: 奶牛场, 粪污, 粪水, 处理利用

Abstract: In order to find out the current status of manure treatment and utilization of large-scale dairy farms and further raise the feasible optimization measures and suggestions for manure utilization, 26 large-scale dairy farms of major dairy farming areas in Jiangsu Province were investigated via symposiums, surveys and sampling inspections. The results showed that: (1) When the breeding stock is ≥1 000, mechanical scraping board was applied for collecting manure in 85.7% of the dairy farms while the application of solid-liquid separation system occupied 92.9%; (2) When the breeding stock is <1 000, artificial dry cleaning of manure or fecal suction truck was applied in 83.3% of the dairy farms and the application of solid-liquid separation system occupied 50%; (3) The proportion of the dairy farms with the most widely used technologies of manure composting and liquid manure returning to the field were 88.5% and 76.9%, respectively; (4) 73.1% of the dairy farms treat milking hall wastewater mixed with liquid manure. Lacking of water saving and emission reduction measures, insufficient liquid manure harmless treatment and unscientific farmland using of manure fertilizer are the major weak links of dairy farm manure utilization. It is suggested to enhance the researches and applications of the technical measures for the reduction of manure,and the building of coupled system of manure wastewater treatment by cultivation of aquatic plants, as well as the management on safely returning of liquid manure to farmland.

Key words: dairy farm, manure, liquid manure, treatment and utilization