武夷山国家公园植物果实类型谱的海拔梯度格局

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.0654

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 353-359.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2022.0654

武夷山国家公园植物果实类型谱的海拔梯度格局

陈水飞¹, 徐辉², 陈世品³, 林文俊³, 徐鲜钧⁴, 葛晓敏¹, 张爱国¹, 丁晖¹

1. 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所/国家环境保护武夷山生态环境科学观测研究站/国家环境保护生物安全重点实验室, 江苏南京 210042;
2. 福建省微生物研究所, 福建福州 350007;
3. 福建农林大学林学院, 福建福州 350002;
4. 福建省武夷山生物研究所, 福建武夷山 354300

收稿日期:2022-06-28 出版日期:2023-03-25 发布日期:2023-03-21
通讯作者: 张爱国, E-mail: zhangaiguo@nies.org;丁晖, E-mail: nldinghui@sina.com E-mail:zhangaiguo@nies.org;nldinghui@sina.com
作者简介:陈水飞(1989-),男,江西抚州人,硕士,主要从事生物多样性保护研究。E-mail: chenshuifei@163.com
基金资助:
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(GYZX200203);武夷山国家公园生物资源本底调查项目(HXQT2020120701);生态环境部事业费项目"生态环境部生物多样性调查、观测和评估项目"

Altitudinal Patterns of the Plant Fruit Type Spectrum in Wuyishan National Park

CHEN Shui-fei¹, XU Hui², CHEN Shi-pin³, LIN Wen-jun³, XU Xian-jun⁴, GE Xiao-min¹, ZHANG Ai-guo¹, DING Hui¹

1. Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment/State Environmental Protection Scientific Observation and Research Station for Ecology Environment of Wuyi Mountains/National Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Biosafety, Nanjing 210042, China;
2. Fujian Institute of Microbiology, Fuzhou 350007, China;
3. Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
4. Wuyi Mountains Biological Institute of Fujian Province, Wuyishan 354300, China

Received:2022-06-28 Online:2023-03-25 Published:2023-03-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 果实类型的地理分布模式在很大程度上取决于其最适生长期所处的环境条件。基于沿海拔梯度样地调查结果,分析武夷山国家公园范围内沿海拔梯度被子植物果实类型的组成及变化规律。结果表明:(1)武夷山国家公园植物干果比例为43.41%,肉果比例为56.59%;13种果实类型中核果比例最高,占总数的31.18%,其后依次为蒴果和浆果,占比分别为22.30%和15.35%;这些特征与武夷山国家公园所处的中亚热带季风湿润气候区相适应。(2)乔木植物中干果比例为38.97%,肉果比例为61.03%;灌木植物中干果比例为29.51%,肉果比例为70.49%;草本植物中干果比例为91.67%,肉果比例为8.33%;藤本植物中干果比例为30.77%,肉果比例为69.23%。(3)随着海拔的升高,武夷山国家公园植物群落果实类型中干果比例逐渐上升,而肉果比例逐渐下降。海拔为800~1 700 m时,样地内优势果实均为核果、蒴果和浆果,当海拔升到1 800 m时,样地内植物优势果实为核果、蒴果和坚果,浆果类型比例降低,甚至消失;当海拔升到1 900 m时,样地内植物优势果实为核果、瘦果和蒴果;当海拔为2 000~2 100 m时,样地内植物优势果实为瘦果、蒴果和颖果,浆果和核果类型减少,甚至消失。(4)核果和蒴果在14个样地均有出现,核果比例整体呈现随海拔升高而降低的趋势,而蒴果比例与海拔梯度没有呈现明显变化规律。研究结果对了解武夷山果实类型分布格局与当地气候的关系以及陆地生态系统对自然环境变化的适应性演化具有一定意义。

关键词: 武夷山国家公园, 海拔梯度, 植物, 果实类型谱

Abstract: Geographical patterns of fruit type largely depend on the environmental conditions during plants' optimum growth period. In this paper, the composition and variation of fruit type in 14 sampled vegetation plots along an altitudinal gradient in Wuyishan National Park were analyzed. The results show that: (1) The proportions of dry and fleshy fruits in Wuyishan National Park were 43.41% and 56.59%, respectively. Among the 13 fruit types, drupes had the highest proportion (31.18%), followed by capsules (22.30%) and berries (15.35%). These characteristics were compatible with the mid-subtropical monsoon humid climates in Wuyishan National Park. (2) For trees, shrubs, herbs, and climbing plants, the proportions of dry fruits were 38.97%, 29.51%, 91.67%, and 30.77%, respectively, while those of fleshy fruits were 61.03%, 70.49%, 8.33%, and 69.23%, respectively. (3) With the increase of altitude, the proportion of dry fruit increased while that of fleshy fruit decreased gradually. At the altitudes of 800 to 1 700 m, the dominant fruit types were drupes, capsules and berries. At the altitude of 1 800 m, the dominant fruit types were drupes, capsules and nuts; the proportion of berries decreased or even disappeared. At the altitude of 1 900 m, the dominant fruit types were drupes, achenes and capsules. At the altitudes of 2 000 to 2 100 m, the dominant fruit types were achenes, capsules and caryopses; the proportions of berries and drupes decreased or even disappeared. (4) Drupes and capsules occurred in all the 14 plots. The proportion of drupes decreased with the rising of elevation, while that of capsules had no obvious trend along the altitudinal gradient. This study is essential for understanding the relationships between the geographical patterns of fruit type and the local climates in the Wuyi Mountains, and the adaptive evolution of terrestrial ecosystems to changes in the natural environment.

Key words: Wuyishan National Park, altitudinal gradient, plant, fruit type spectrum

中图分类号:

陈水飞, 徐辉, 陈世品, 林文俊, 徐鲜钧, 葛晓敏, 张爱国, 丁晖. 武夷山国家公园植物果实类型谱的海拔梯度格局[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(3): 353-359.

CHEN Shui-fei, XU Hui, CHEN Shi-pin, LIN Wen-jun, XU Xian-jun, GE Xiao-min, ZHANG Ai-guo, DING Hui. Altitudinal Patterns of the Plant Fruit Type Spectrum in Wuyishan National Park[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(3): 353-359.

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武夷山国家公园植物果实类型谱的海拔梯度格局

Altitudinal Patterns of the Plant Fruit Type Spectrum in Wuyishan National Park

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