富硅或富磷育秧降低水稻砷含量的效果及其分子机制

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2023.0631

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 砷(As)主要通过硅和磷通道进入水稻根系,合理的硅和磷施用方式可有效调控水稻对As的吸收转运。研究通过在水稻育秧阶段进行硅或磷富集,探讨富硅或富磷秧苗移栽至As污染土壤后对糙米As含量的影响及分子机制。试验结果表明,富硅或富磷育秧在不影响生长的前提下,可使秧苗的硅或磷整株吸收量分别增至对照的19.6和2.3倍。与常规育秧相比,富硅育秧处理糙米中总砷、三价砷、五价砷以及二甲基砷含量分别降低31.1%、32.1%、58.3%、33.5%。富磷育秧对糙米总砷含量没有显著影响,但使糙米五价砷含量降低59.2%。富硅或富磷育秧可显著增加As在水稻根系中的滞留且不同程度影响As在水稻各部位之间的转移系数。根系As转运基因相对表达量的分析结果表明,与对照相比,富硅育秧对OsLsi1的相对表达量没有显著影响,使OsLsi2的相对表达量下调26%,OsABCC1的相对表达量上调203%;富磷育秧对OsPT1的相对表达量没有显著影响,使OsPT4以及OsPT8的相对表达量分别下降51%和71%,OsABCC1的相对表达量上调22%。综上,富硅或富磷育秧可通过调控水稻根系As相关转运基因的表达来影响水稻对As的吸收及转运,从而降低糙米As含量。研究结果可为稻田As污染风险管控提供重要参考。

关键词: 育秧, 硅, 磷, 转运基因, 砷形态

Abstract: Arsenic (As) enters rice roots mainly through the silicon and phosphorus transport channels. Thus, the rational application of silicon and phosphate fertilizers could effectively regulate the uptake and transport of As in rice plants. The effects and molecular mechanism of silicon- or phosphorus-enriched rice seedlings on the As content in brown rice after transplanting to As-contaminated soil were studied. The results show that, in silicon- or phosphorus-enriched seedlings, the total accumulated amounts of silicon or phosphorus in the seedling were increased to 19.6 and 2.3 times that of the control, respectively, without affecting plant growth. Compared with conventionally raised seedlings, the contents of total As, As(Ⅲ), As(Ⅴ) and dimethylated As (DMA) in brown rice of silicon-enriched seedlings were decreased by 31.1%, 32.1%, 58.3%, and 33.5%, respectively. In phosphorus-enriched seedlings, no significant effect was observed on the total As content in brown rice, but the As(Ⅴ) content in brown rice was reduced by 59.2%. The silicon- or phosphorus-enriched seedlings could result in significant increase of the retention of As in the roots of rice plants, and the transfer coefficients between different parts of the rice plant were affected to different degrees. The relative expression levels of As transport-related genes in the roots of silicon- and phosphorus-enriched seedlings were examined. No significant effect was observed on the relative expression of OsLsi1 in silicon-enriched seedlings, but the relative expression level of OsLsi2 was decreased by 26%. The relative expression of OsABCC1 was up-regulated by 203% in silicon-enriched seedlings. The relative expression level of OsPT1 was not significantly affected by the raising of phosphorus-enriched seedlings, but the relative expression levels of OsPT4 and OsPT8 were decreased by 51% and 71%, respectively. The relative expression level of OsABCC1 was up-regulated by 22% in phosphorus-enriched seedlings. In conclusion, the raising of silicon- or phosphorus-enriched seedlings affects the uptake and transport of As in rice plants by regulating the expression of As-related transport genes in the roots, thereby reducing the As content in brown rice. The results provide an important reference for controlling the risk of As contamination in paddy fields.

Key words: seedling raising, silicon, phosphorus, transporter gene, arsenic species

中图分类号:

贾梦凡, 李燕丽, 王兴祥, 周志高, 丁昌峰. 富硅或富磷育秧降低水稻砷含量的效果及其分子机制[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2024, 40(4): 581-588.

JIA Meng-fan, LI Yan-li, WANG Xing-xiang, ZHOU Zhi-gao, DING Chang-feng. Effects and Molecular Mechanism of Reduced Arsenic Content in Silicon- or Phosphorus-enriched Rice Seedlings[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2024, 40(4): 581-588.

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