西部典型煤矿区水体污染遥感监测应用

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0100

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用Sentienl-2A（哨兵2号）和ZY-3（资源三号）卫星数据，通过高空间分辨率目视解译与短波红外（SWIR）经验模型相结合的方法，对神东和准格尔2个西部典型煤矿区内煤尘水体污染开展提取分类和统计分析。结果表明，无论是在井工开采为代表的神东矿区还是露天开采为代表的准格尔矿区，煤矿开采活动造成的地表水体污染均十分严重，其中神东矿区污染水体面积占总地表水体的比例约为86.44%，准格尔矿区污染水体面积占总地表水体的比例约为74.82%；造成水体污染的主要因素为煤尘颗粒和洗煤废水，矿区内部水体、周边水系、黄河干流呈现轻度至重度污染，临近矿区、流动性差、循环慢的水体污染情况更严重。该方法优于传统目视解译，其人为干预少，理论依据明确，可快速开展定性评价，能在宏观层面为矿区管理者提供指导，可用于煤矿区开展长期动态监测。

关键词: 西部煤矿区, 悬浮物, 水体污染, 遥感监测, 哨兵2号

Abstract:

Based on the data of satellites Sentienl-2A and ZY-3, the study used the method combining visual interpretation with high spatial resolution and SWIR empirical model to extract, sort and do statistical analysis of the water pollution caused by coal suspended matter in two typical mining areas of western China, Shendong and Zhungeer. The results show that the water pollution is quite serious both in surface mining and underground mining areas. Polluted water in Shendong coal mining area accounts for 86.44%, while that in Zhungeer coal mining area represents 74.84%. The main factors resulting in water pollution are coal dust and coal-washing wastewater. Water bodies within coal mining areas, of nearby river systems and even in parts of the Yellow River near Zhungeer coal mining area are polluted from slight to serious degrees. Meanwhile, water bodies which are close to coal mining areas with weak mobility and slow circulation are more easily polluted. The method used in this paper is better than traditional visual interpretation analysis used in periodic monitoring in coal mining areas, because it does not need much human intervention and has a reliable basic theory. It can assess the condition of water bodies rapidly and provide information for regulators.

Key words: coal mining areas of western China, suspended matter, water pollution, remote sensing reflectance, Sentienl-2A

中图分类号:

X832

王喆, 余江宽, 路云阁. 西部典型煤矿区水体污染遥感监测应用[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(4): 538-544.

WANG Zhe, YU Jiang-kuan, LU Yun-ge. Research of the Application of Remote Sensing Technology in Monitoring Water Pollution Caused by Coal Suspended Matter in Typical Coal Mining Areas of Western China[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(4): 538-544.

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