银川地区规模化奶牛养殖场粪污可培养细菌种群分布多样性研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0169

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 128-135.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0169

• 研究简报 • 上一篇

银川地区规模化奶牛养殖场粪污可培养细菌种群分布多样性研究

张雯^1,2, 马臣杰¹, 李武¹, 曾瑾^1,2, 邓光存^1,2, 吴晓玲^1,2

1. 西部特色生物资源保护与利用教育部重点实验室, 宁夏银川 750021;
2. 宁夏大学生命科学学院, 宁夏银川 750021

收稿日期:2018-04-09 出版日期:2019-01-25 发布日期:2019-01-22
通讯作者: 邓光存, 吴晓玲 E-mail:dgc@nxu.edu.cn;wuxiaol@nxu.edu.cn
作者简介:张雯(1991-),女,宁夏银川人,硕士生,主要研究方向为病原微生物。E-mail:nxyczwgalaxy@sina.cn
基金资助:
宁夏回族自治区科技支撑计划（2015BZ02）；宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划（东西部合作专项）（2017ZDYF001）；宁夏科技创新领军人才培养项目（KJT2017002）；宁夏大学研究生创新项目（GIP2017034）

The Study of Diversity of Culturable Bacteria Community in Manure From Large-scale Dairy Farms in Yinchuan

ZHANG Wen^1,2, MA Chen-jie¹, LI Wu¹, ZENG Jin^1,2, DENG Guang-cun^1,2, WU Xiao-ling^1,2

1. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, Yinchuan 750021, China;
2. College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China

Received:2018-04-09 Online:2019-01-25 Published:2019-01-22
Contact: 35 E-mail:dgc@nxu.edu.cn;wuxiaol@nxu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以银川市规模化奶牛养殖场的新鲜粪便、堆积粪便、污水和环境土壤4种样品为材料，对培养获得的429株细菌分离株进行鉴定。结果显示，规模化奶牛养殖场粪污中具有大量且种类丰富的可培养细菌，鉴定出的358株分离株分属于4个门、6个纲、15个目、23个科、39个属和102个种，主要集中于厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）和变形菌门（Proteobacteria）；进一步分析病原菌数量发现条件致病菌占88.55%（317/358），在种水平上主要为金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus）（11/358）、大肠埃希菌（Escherichia coli）（33/358）和托尔豪特链球菌（Streptococcus thoraltensis）（8/358）。由此可见，奶牛养殖场粪污对人和动物有潜在健康风险，若不经处理直接排放或还田施用，将对养殖安全和环境卫生造成巨大威胁。

关键词: 奶牛粪便, 可培养细菌, 种群多样性

Abstract:

The present study aims to investigate the culturable bacteria community of isolates from 4 kinds of samples (fresh fecal samples, accumulated manure without treatment samples, soil samples and waste water samples) collected from 3 large-scale dairy farms in Yinchuan. The samples were first diluted and plated on 8 different kinds of separation media such as nutrient agar medium, blood agar medium and MacConkey agar medium. Each of the single colony was then purified at least 3 times with the corresponding media for further analysis. After Gram staining, each isolate was further identified by VITEK 2 Compact automatic microbial biochemical identification system or 16S rDNA gene sequencing analysis. A total of 429 isolates were obtained from the samples through isolation and purification. After further analysis with VITEK 2 Compact automatic microbial biochemical identification system and 16S rDNA gene sequencing, a total of 358 strains were identified, these strains were distributed in 4 phyla, 6 classes, 15 orders, 23 families, 39 genera and 102 species. The rates of pathogenic bacteria in the samples were also calculated. Results show that conditional pathogenic bacteria accounted for 88.55% (317/358) of the total. The main conditional pathogens in the strains were S. aureus (11/358), E. coli (33/358) and S. thoraltensis (8/358). Strains mainly concentrated in the Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, and the conditional pathogenic bacteria may seriously threaten the human and animal as well as environmental if these fecal samples are discarded or used as fertilizer without proper treatment.

Key words: dairy cow manure, culturable bacteria, community diversity

中图分类号:

X172
Q93

张雯, 马臣杰, 李武, 曾瑾, 邓光存, 吴晓玲. 银川地区规模化奶牛养殖场粪污可培养细菌种群分布多样性研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2019, 35(1): 128-135.

ZHANG Wen, MA Chen-jie, LI Wu, ZENG Jin, DENG Guang-cun, WU Xiao-ling. The Study of Diversity of Culturable Bacteria Community in Manure From Large-scale Dairy Farms in Yinchuan[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2019, 35(1): 128-135.

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银川地区规模化奶牛养殖场粪污可培养细菌种群分布多样性研究

The Study of Diversity of Culturable Bacteria Community in Manure From Large-scale Dairy Farms in Yinchuan

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