大金山岛常绿阔叶林和落叶阔叶林中小型土壤动物群落特征

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2018.0882

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 于2017年秋季（10月）和冬季（12月）及2018年春季（3月）和夏季（6月）分别对大金山岛8个植物群落中小型土壤动物群落进行调查，共捕获5门14纲23个类群土壤动物8 506只，优势类群分别为线虫纲（66.06%）、蜱螨亚纲（17.95%）和弹尾纲（11.15%），其余为稀有类群（4.84%）。常绿阔叶林中小型土壤动物4季平均密度和类群数均高于落叶阔叶林，且2种林型间类群数差异显著（P<0.05），而这2种植被类型夏季中小型土壤动物密度均显著高于其他3季（P<0.05）；常绿阔叶林秋季中小型土壤动物类群数显著高于春、冬2季（P<0.05），而落叶阔叶林表现为秋季显著高于其他3季（P<0.05）。在垂直分布上，2种植被类型中小型土壤动物密度均表现出明显的表聚型，其0~5 cm土层密度分别占0~20 cm土层总密度的68.68%和66.94%。常绿阔叶林Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Margalef丰富度指数均高于落叶阔叶林，且常绿阔叶林秋季这2个指数均显著高于其他3季（P<0.05）；落叶阔叶林秋季中小型土壤动物Margalef丰富度指数显著高于其他3季（P<0.05）。由Pearson相关性分析可知，中小型土壤动物总密度以及线虫纲、蜱螨亚纲和弹尾纲密度均与土壤有机质含量呈正相关，与土壤pH呈负相关。

关键词: 大金山岛, 常绿阔叶林, 落叶阔叶林, 中小型土壤动物群落, 季节动态

Abstract: Soil meso- and micro-fauna across 8 plant communities in Dajinshan Island were investigated in the seasons of autumn (October), winter (December) in 2017, and spring (March), summer (June) in 2018. Totally, 8 506 soil animals were captured that belong to 5 phyla, 14 classes, and 23 groups. Among these animals, Nematoda, Acari, and Collembola were the dominant groups which accounting for 66.06%, 17.95%, and 11.15%, respectively. The others (4.84%) were belonging to rare groups. The annual average density and group number of soil meso- and micro-fauna in evergreen broad-leaved forest in autumn were higher than those in deciduous broad-leaved forest, and significantly different in group number (P<0.05); Density of soil meso- and micro-fauna in summer was significantly higher than in other seasons that both in the two forests (P<0.05); Group number of soil meso- and micro-fauna in evergreen broad-leaved forest in autumn was significantly higher than that in spring and winter (P<0.05), and the number of deciduous broad-leaved forest in autumn was significantly higher than that in other seasons (P<0.05). The density of soil meso- and micro-fauna in both two forests was higher in the surface layer, and in 0-5 cm soil layer in evergreen broad-leaved forest and 0-20 cm in deciduous broad-leaved forest that accounted for the fauna density of 68.68% and 66.94%, respectively. Shannon-Wiener and Margalef richness indexes in evergreen broad-leaved forest were higher than in deciduous broad-leaved forest, and they were higher in autumn than those in other seasons (P<0.05); Shannon-Wiener index in deciduous broad-leaved forest in autumn was significantly higher than in other season (P<0.05). Pearson's correlation show that the density of soil total, Nematoda, Acari and Collembola animals were positively correlated with soil organic matter, and negatively corrected with soil pH.

Key words: Dajinshan Island, evergreen broad-leaved forest, deciduous broad-leaved forest, soil meso- and micro-fauna, seasonal dynamics

中图分类号:

S714.3

罗鼎晖, 李翔, 骆蓓菁, 许洺山, 妥彬, 阎恩荣, 由文辉. 大金山岛常绿阔叶林和落叶阔叶林中小型土壤动物群落特征[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2020, 36(3): 349-357.

LUO Ding-hui, LI Xiang, LUO Bei-jing, XU Ming-shan, TUO Bin, YAN En-rong, YOU Wen-hui. Soil Meso- and Micro-fauna Characteristics in Evergreen Broad-leaved Forest and Deciduous Broad-leaved Forest in Dajinshan Island,China[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(3): 349-357.

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