入侵植物红毛草碳、氮、磷化学计量特征及其营养策略

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2019.1023

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究入侵植物的化学计量特征有助于从生态化学计量角度揭示入侵物种的营养策略及入侵机制。以入侵植物红毛草（Rhynchelytrum repens）为研究对象，测定和分析红毛草各器官碳（C）、氮（N）、磷（P）含量及元素比，并与本土种马唐（Digitaria sanguinalis）进行比较，以揭示红毛草化学计量的动态变化以及营养策略。结果显示：（1）重度入侵的红毛草茎w（P）（2.858 g·kg^-1）大于中度（1.197 g·kg^-1）和轻度入侵（1.284 g·kg^-1）红毛草；（2）红毛草不同器官间N、P含量差异显著，w（N）依次为叶（14.35~16.55 g·kg^-1） > 根（5.376~6.057 g·kg^-1） > 茎（4.204~4.238 g·kg^-1）；w（P）依次为叶（2.213~2.949 g·kg^-1） > 茎（1.197~2.858 g·kg^-1） > 根（1.261~1.364 g·kg^-1）；（3）3种入侵程度红毛草N/P比依次为叶 > 根 > 茎；重度入侵地红毛草C/P比为根 > 茎和叶，轻度和中度入侵地红毛草C/P比为茎 > 根 > 叶。随红毛草入侵程度增大，其茎的生长速率也加快；（4）红毛草对N、P有较强的吸收和利用能力，其茎N、茎P、叶N含量显著大于马唐，C/P比和N/P比均显著小于马唐（P<0.05）；（5）红毛草对N、P较强的吸收和利用率以及茎较快的生长速率使红毛草具有生长竞争优势，以"生长竞争策略"战胜本土种。

关键词: 红毛草, 生态化学计量学, 营养策略, 入侵性

Abstract: The study on ecological stoichiometry of alien species can help to understand the mechanism of successful invasion of alien species from the view of ecological stoichiometry. In this study, C, N and P content and their ratio in organs of alien species Rhynchelytrum repens and native species Digitaria multiflorum were determined in order to reveal the carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometric characteristics and their nutrition strategy of alien species R. repens. The results show that: (1) The stems-P content of R. repens varies significantly, that the stem-P content of heavy invasive plant (2.858 g·kg^-1) was significantly higher than that of the other two invasive plants (1.197 and 1.284 g·kg^-1, respectively), suggesting that with the increasing of invasive degree the plant distributes more P to the stem. (2) Under three different invasive degrees, N content of leaf (14.35-16.55 g·kg^-1) was higher than that of root (5.376-6.057 g·kg^-1) and stem (4.204-4.238 g·kg^-1), and at heavy invasive site, P content in leaf (2.949 g·kg^-1) and stem (2.858 g·kg^-1) were higher than that of root (1.261 g·kg^-1). At medium and light invasion sites, P content of leaf were higher than that of stem and root. (3) Under the three different invasion degrees, N:P in stem were significant lower than that in root and leaf. Under medium and light invasion degrees, C:P in leaf were lower than that in root and stem. At heavy invasion sites, C:P of stem and leaf were lower than that of root, implying that the growth rate of stem increase with the invasive degree. (4) N and P content in stem, N content in leaf of R. repens were significantly higher than that of D. multiflorum, implying that R. repens has a strong ability to absorb and utilize environmental N and P elements. There was no significant difference in C:N of root, stem and leaf between R. repens and D. multiflorum. It is worth to note that C:P, N:P in stem of R. repens were significant lower than that of D. multiflorum, showing that the growth rate of stem for R. repens may be greater than that for D. multiflorum. (5) Comprehensive analysis of stoichiometric characteristics indicates that strong absorption and utilization of N and P elements, and rapid growth rate of stem contribute to competitive advantage of R.repens, to defeat the native species through "Growth Competition Strategy".

Key words: Rhynchelytrum repens, ecological stoichiometry, nutrition strategy, invasiveness

中图分类号:

Q945.32

陈文, 王桔红, 陈晓芸, 郭纳虹, 苏佳玲, 周晓莹, 黄蓉. 入侵植物红毛草碳、氮、磷化学计量特征及其营养策略[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2020, 36(10): 1293-1300.

CHEN Wen, WANG Ju-hong, CHEN Xiao-yun, GUO Na-Hong, SU Jia-ling, ZHOU Xiao-ying, HUANG Rong. The Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Stoichiometric Characteristics of Invasive Species Rhynchelytrum repens and Their Nutrition Strategy[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2020, 36(10): 1293-1300.

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