竹类植物修复重金属污染土壤的研究进展

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0339

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着我国经济的快速发展，土壤重金属污染问题也愈加严重。植物修复技术对环境扰动小，修复成本低，是目前土壤修复领域的研究热点之一。竹类植物对重金属有良好的耐受能力和富集能力，且具有生物量大、栽培简单和经济效益高等特点，在修复重金属污染土壤方面有很高的应用潜力和开发价值。结合竹类植物修复重金属污染土壤的研究现状，系统阐述了竹类植物在重金属胁迫条件下生长状况，对重金属富集和转运情况，以及修复机制及强化措施；同时通过对比竹类植物与其他植物，分析了竹类植物在生长和经济上的优势，论证了竹类植物用于重金属污染土壤修复的可行性。针对现有研究存在的不足，对竹类植物修复重金属污染土壤的研究方向和发展趋势做出了展望。

关键词: 竹类植物, 植物修复, 重金属污染土壤

Abstract: With the rapid development of economy, heavy metal pollution of soil have become more and more serious. Among numerous remediation techniques, phytoremediation is one of the research hotspots in the field of soil remediation, which features low cost and less environmental disturbance. However, some hyperaccumulator plants are still limited by the cultivation technology and not in a fit state to generate economic benefits at present, which restricts the large-scale application of heavy metal contamination remediation. Therefore, researchers have begun to focus on finding some new remediation plants. Bamboo species have attracted attention in the phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil in recent years. Recent studies have shown that bamboo species are highly tolerable to heavy metals in soil and capable of absorbing such heavy metals. Besides, they are characterized by high biomass, simple cultivation, high economic benefits and strong adaptability to environment. So, it can be inferred that bamboo demonstrates high application potential and huge application prospects in the phytoremediation of contaminated soil. The current states and progress of bamboo species in the phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil are outlined systematically in this article, including the growth responses, accumulation and enrichment of heavy metals in bamboo species, transport characteristics of heavy metals, mechanisms of phytoremediation and strengthening measures. The advantages of bamboo species in growth and economy are analyzed in comparison with other remediation plants, which shows bamboo species are feasible to the phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. In view of the shortcomings of existing researches, the scientific reference and research trend on the phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil are presented.

Key words: bamboo species, phytoremediation, heavy metal contaminated soil

中图分类号:

张颖, 赵欣, 张圣虎, 漆丹, 马红璐, 张芹, 陆建刚. 竹类植物修复重金属污染土壤的研究进展[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(1): 30-38.

ZHANG Ying, ZHAO Xin, ZHANG Sheng-hu, QI Dan, MA Hong-lu, ZHANG Qin, LU Jian-gang. Research Progress of Bamboo Species in Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(1): 30-38.

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