村镇建设生态承载力:内涵、对象测算和提升路径

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.1038

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (7): 834-842.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.1038

• 村镇承载力与乡村振兴专题 • 上一篇下一篇

村镇建设生态承载力:内涵、对象测算和提升路径

李海东¹, 赵立君¹, 张龙江¹, 纪荣婷¹, 燕守广¹, 张云华², 柳本立³, 张继飞⁴, 刘畅⁵

1. 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所, 江苏南京 210042;
2. 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 安徽合肥 230036;
3. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730000;
4. 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 四川成都 610041;
5. 重庆交通大学建筑与城市规划学院, 重庆 400074

收稿日期:2020-12-24 出版日期:2021-07-25 发布日期:2021-07-23
通讯作者: 李海东 E-mail:lihd2020@163.com
作者简介:李海东(1984-),男,安徽亳州人,研究员,博士,主要研究方向为生态经济与城市生态学、矿区生态文明建设。E-mail:lihd2020@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划（2018YFD1100104）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项（GYZX210101）

Carrying Capacity of Complex Ecosystem for Rural and Township Development: Connotation, Carrying Objects Calculation and Improvement Path

LI Hai-dong¹, ZHAO Li-jun¹, ZHANG Long-jiang¹, JI Rong-ting¹, YAN Shou-guang¹, ZHANG Yun-hua², LIU Ben-li³, ZHANG Ji-fei⁴, LIU Chang⁵

1. Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China;
2. School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
4. Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China;
5. College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China

Received:2020-12-24 Online:2021-07-25 Published:2021-07-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 村镇建设与区域主导生态功能、生产-生活-生态（简称"三生"）空间布局和产业结构密不可分，开展村镇建设生态承载力研究与承载对象测算，有助于提高村镇建设生态安全水平和衔接脱贫攻坚成果。该文辨析了区域、聚落、村镇和乡村相关概念，界定了村镇建设生态承载力的内涵和复合生态系统的属性，在划分村镇类型和明确建设要求的基础上，构建了村镇建设复合生态承载力评价方法，进而明确了生态安全约束下村镇建设承载对象测算思路，包括人口数量、主导生态功能和产业规模。最后，初步探析了村镇建设生态承载力提升路径，包括减轻村镇建设的生态压力、提高村镇建设的生态弹性力、增强村镇复合生态系统的承载力。研究结果对重要生态功能区村镇生态承载力提升方案的制定和生态环保扶贫政策的优化具有一定理论与实践意义。

关键词: 村镇, 复合生态系统承载力, 对象, 测算思路, 绿色生态建设

Abstract: Rural and township development is inseparable from the regional dominant ecological functions and the spatial layout of the Ecological-Production-Living Spaces. To improve the level of ecological safety and effectively reduce poverty, it is necessary to evaluate and calculate the ecological carrying capacity for rural and township development. The related concepts of regions, settlements, village and town are analyzed, and the connotation of the ecological carrying capacity for rural and township development, as well as the attributes of the complex ecosystem are defined. Based on the classification of the types of rural and townships and their development requirements, a method for the evaluation of ecological carrying capacity of rural and township development was further developed, which considers population size, dominant ecological functions and industrial scale. Finally, the paths to improve the ecological carrying capacity for rural and township development was preliminary analyzed, which include reducing the ecological pressure of township construction, improving the ecological elasticity of rural and township development, and enhancing the carrying capacity of the township complex ecosystem. The research results could provide a theoretical and practical guideline for the building of carrying capacity improvement plan and optimization of poverty alleviation policies for rural and township development in important ecological function areas.

Key words: rural and townships, carrying capacity of complex ecosystem, object, calculation idea, green ecological construction

中图分类号:

K901.8
X144

李海东, 赵立君, 张龙江, 纪荣婷, 燕守广, 张云华, 柳本立, 张继飞, 刘畅. 村镇建设生态承载力:内涵、对象测算和提升路径[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(7): 834-842.

LI Hai-dong, ZHAO Li-jun, ZHANG Long-jiang, JI Rong-ting, YAN Shou-guang, ZHANG Yun-hua, LIU Ben-li, ZHANG Ji-fei, LIU Chang. Carrying Capacity of Complex Ecosystem for Rural and Township Development: Connotation, Carrying Objects Calculation and Improvement Path[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(7): 834-842.

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村镇建设生态承载力:内涵、对象测算和提升路径

Carrying Capacity of Complex Ecosystem for Rural and Township Development: Connotation, Carrying Objects Calculation and Improvement Path

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