民勤绿洲不同退耕年限土壤微生物量的变化特性

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0701

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨不同退耕年限对土壤微生物特性的影响,以民勤绿洲不同年代退耕地(1、2、3、4、5、8、15、24及31 a)9个样地为研究对象,采用空间尺度代替时间尺度的方法,对民勤绿洲不同年限(1~31 a)退耕地土壤微生物生物量的变化特征及季节动态变化规律进行系统分析与研究。结果表明:(1)同一年限退耕地的土壤微生物量变化规律均为表层高于深层。表层土壤微生物生物量碳含量最高可达979.13 mg·kg^-1,而10~20、>20~30和>30~40 cm土层土壤最高只有610、480和327.74 mg·kg^-1,分别占表层含量的62%、49%和33%。土壤微生物生物量氮和生物量磷具有类似的规律,土壤微生物量表聚现象明显。(2)土壤微生物生物量碳与生物量氮总体上随着退耕年限的增加呈波动减小的状态,土壤微生物生物量磷呈波动式上升的趋势。(3)土壤微生物生物量碳含量随季节的动态变化规律比较明显:冬季最小,秋季最大,夏季与春季居中,表层(0~10 cm)土壤变化幅度较大。(4)微生物生物量氮的季节动态呈现出倒"V"型分布的状态,总体变化规律与微生物生物量碳相似。(5)土壤微生物生物量磷含量基本为秋季、夏季较大,春季居中,冬季最小。3月土壤微生物生物量磷居中,6或9月达到峰值,12月下降到最低值。(6)通过研究可以推断,退耕5 a左右是民勤绿洲退耕地恢复治理过程中的关键时期。

关键词: 民勤绿洲, 退耕地, 微生物生物量, 变化特征, 季节动态变化

Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of different years of fallowed farmland on soil microbial characteristics, different ages of fallowed farmland (1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 15, 24, 31 a) in Minqin Oasis were used for the study. The spatial scale instead of the temporal scale was used to study the characteristics of soil microbial biomass and its seasonal dynamics in the secondary grassland of Minqin Oasis for different years (1-31 a). The results show that (1) soil microorganisms were higher in the surface layer than in the deep layers of the secondary grassland in the same years of fallowing, The highest soil microbial carbon content of the surface layer was 979.13 mg·kg^-1, while the highest soil microbial carbon content was 610, 480 and 327.74 mg·kg^-1 with the soil depth of 10-20, ＞20-30 and ＞30-40 cm, respectively, accounting for 62%, 49%, 33% of the contents in the surface layer, respectively. Soil microbial biomass nitrogen and soil microbial biomass phosphorus had the same results, indicating that the soil microbial biomass clustering was obvious; (2) soil microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen generally showed a fluctuating decrease with the increase of fallowing years, and soil microbial biomass phosphorus showed a trend of undulating increase with the increase of fallowing years; (3) the dynamic change of soil microbial biomass carbon content with different seasons was obvious, with the minimum in winter, the maximum in autumn, and the medium in summer and spring, and the range of soil microbial biomass carbon content in the surface layer (0-10 cm) was large; (4) the seasonal dynamics of microbial biomass nitrogen showed an inverted V-shaped distribution, and the dynamic change of it was the same as that of microbial biomass carbon. (5) the seasonal dynamics of soil microbial biomass phosphorus content were larger in autumn and summer, intermediate in spring and minimal in winter. From March onwards, soil microbial biomass phosphorus gradually increased as the month increases, reaching a peak in June or September, and then decreased continuously, falling to a minimum in December. (6) According to the research, it can be concluded that the first five years was the key period for the restoration process of fallowed farmland in Minqin Oasis.

Key words: Minqin oasis, fallowed farmland, soil microbial biomass, characteristics, seasonal dynamic change

中图分类号:

X825

王理德, 何洪盛, 韩福贵, 陈思航, 宋达成, 王梓璇, 闫沛迎. 民勤绿洲不同退耕年限土壤微生物量的变化特性[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2022, 38(10): 1338-1346.

WANG Li-de, HE Hong-sheng, HAN Fu-gui, CHEN Si-hang, SONG Da-cheng, WANG Zi-xuan, YAN Pei-ying. Characteristics of Dynamic Changes of Soil Microbial Biomass on Fallowed Farmland of Different Years in Minqin Oasis[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2022, 38(10): 1338-1346.

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