水生植物恢复对宛山荡水质及水体微生物代谢功能多样性的影响

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2020.0913

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 选取太湖流域宛山荡为研究对象，探究水生植物恢复对湖荡湿地水质的改善效果及其对微生物群落代谢功能的影响。2019年3-6月通过地形重塑和生态缓冲带的建立，营造良好的生境条件，促进水生植物的恢复。于2019年8月-2020年8月对宛山荡西北湖区（示范区、敞水区和对照区）水生植物和水质进行跟踪监测，并利用Biolog技术对水生植物恢复后宛山荡西北湖区夏季水体微生物群落代谢功能进行分析。结果表明：（1）示范区水生植物种类、盖度及物种多样性显著增加，其中沉水植物的增加尤为明显。（2）示范区水体透明度改善效果明显，比敞水区和示范区分别提高23%和30%。（3）示范区水体TN、NH₄⁺-N和TP去除效果明显，比敞水区分别降低32%、28%和28%，比对照区分别降低19%、32%和31%。（4）示范区水体叶绿素（Chl-a）和COD_Mn周年去除效果不明显，这与示范区地形、水文等因素有关。（5）水生植物的恢复能促进水体微生物群落演替，提高微生物对碳水化合物、羧酸类、多聚物类和胺类碳源的响应和利用，增加水体微生物代谢活性，提升湖荡区域水体自净能力。

关键词: 生态修复, 水生植物恢复, BIOLOG, 微生物功能代谢多样性

Abstract: Wanshan Lake in Taihu Watershed was selected as the research area to explore the effect of ecological restoration on the improvement of water quality and the impact on the metabolic function of microbial community. Aiming to the restoration of aquatic plants, measures such as reshaping of topography and establishing of ecological buffer zone were taken to create suitable ecological environment conditions in Wanshan Lake from March to June of 2019. The aquatic plants and water quality in the northwest part of the lake including restoration area, pelagic area and control area were monitored from August 2019 to August 2020. Biolog technology was used to analyze the metabolic functions of microbial community in the research area in summer after the recovery of aquatic plants. The results show that the species, coverage and diversity of aquatic plants, especially for the submerged aquatic plants, in the restoration area were largely improved. The transparency of water body was significantly improved in the restoration area, which was 23% and 30% higher than that of the pelagic area and the control area, respectively. The concentrations of TN, NH₄⁺-N and TP of the restoration area were 32%, 28% and 28% lower than that of the pelagic area, respectively, and 19%, 32% and 31% lower than that of the control area, respectively. Moreover, the removal of Chl-a and COD_Mn were insignificant, which was related to the geographical location and hydrology of the restoration area. The recovery of aquatic plants could promote the response of microbial communities to utilize organic matter and then improve the metabolic activity of microorganisms and self-purification ability of the lake.

Key words: ecological restoration, aquatic plant restoration, BIOLOG, diversity of microbial function metabolism

中图分类号:

X524

汪欣, 何尚卫, 潘继征, 李勇, 张国正, 应炎杰. 水生植物恢复对宛山荡水质及水体微生物代谢功能多样性的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2021, 37(10): 1352-1360.

WANG Xin, HE Shang-wei, PAN Ji-zheng, LI Yong, ZHANG Guo-zheng, YING Yan-jie. Effects of Aquatic Plant Restoration on Water Quality and Microbial Functional Diversity of Wanshan Lake[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2021, 37(10): 1352-1360.

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