还原态硫介导沉积物-水系统硝酸盐还原过程研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0172

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 沉积物-水系统中存在着硫元素与反硝化（DN）、硝酸盐异化还原成铵（DNRA）过程的耦合。通过向构建的沉积物-水微宇宙系统依次投加0（N组）、50（L组）和75 mg·L^-1（H组）还原态硫，解析各形态氮在上覆水、间隙水和沉积物中的浓度变化与微生物群落结构，以揭示还原态硫对反硝化、硝酸盐异化还原成铵过程的影响。结果显示，还原态硫投加量分别为50和75 mg·L^-1时，系统分别有38.02%和33.27%还原态硫被转化为SO₄^2-。硫氧化作用促进了反硝化的发生，导致L和H组总氮分别比N组减少11%和8%；但是对DNRA过程没有显著影响。此外，具有硫自养反硝化功能的Thiobacillus和Dechloromonas相对丰度之和随着还原态硫浓度增加而上升，N、L和H组两者相对丰度之和分别为5.69%、6.52%和8.70%；而N、L和H组异养硝酸盐还原菌（HNRB）相对丰度分别为0.98%、0.91%和1.05%，其中，DNRA细菌相对丰度均较低（不超过1%），且不受还原态硫浓度的影响。此结果进一步印证了系统中硝酸盐还原以硫自养反硝化过程为主。

关键词: 还原态硫, 反硝化, 硝酸盐异化还原成铵, 硝酸盐还原

Abstract: There is a coupling of sulfur cycle with denitrification (DN) and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) in the sediment-water system. The effects of reduced sulfur on DN and DNRA were revealed by sequentially adding 0 (Group N), 50 (Group L) and 75 mg·L^-1 (Group H) reduced sulfur to the constructed sediment-water microcosm systems, and then the concentration changes of various forms of nitrogen in overlying water, pore water and sediment as well as microbial community structure were analyzed. Results show that 38.02% and 33.27% of reduced sulfur were converted into SO₄^2-, respectively, when the dosage of reduced sulfur was 50 and 75 mg·L^-1. Sulfur oxidation promoted the occurrence of DN, and caused the total nitrogen of Group L and Group H decrease by 11% and 8%, respectively, compared with Group N, but had no significant effect on the process of DNRA. In addition, the sum of relative abundances of genera Thiobacillus and Dechloromonas functioned with sulfur autotrophic denitrification increased with concentration of reduced sulfur, and occupied 5.69%, 6.52%, 8.70% in Group N, L and H, respectively. In contrast, the relative abundance of heterotrophic nitrate reducing bacteria (HNRB) was only 0.98%, 0.91%, and 1.05% in Group N, L and H, respectively, and the DNRA bacteria (with the relative abundance no more than 1%) were unaffected by reduced sulfur. Such results further confirmed that the nitrate reduction process in the system was dominated by sulfur autotrophic denitrification.

Key words: reduced sulfur, denitrification, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium, nitrate reduction

中图分类号:

X524
X172

陈宇华, 鲁汭, 荣鹏, 王培, 吴振斌, 肖恩荣. 还原态硫介导沉积物-水系统硝酸盐还原过程研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2022, 38(3): 350-357.

CHEN Yu-hua, LU Rui, RONG Peng, WANG Pei, WU Zhen-bin, XIAO En-rong. Study on Reduction of Nitrate in Sediment-water System Mediated by Reduced Sulfur[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2022, 38(3): 350-357.

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