合肥市十八联圩湿地夏季浮游植物群落特征及其与环境因子关系的研究

doi:10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0666

生态与农村环境学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 227-235.doi: 10.19741/j.issn.1673-4831.2021.0666

合肥市十八联圩湿地夏季浮游植物群落特征及其与环境因子关系的研究

黄若晗¹, 王婷², 尚光霞³, 谢三桃⁴, 王丽卿^1,5, 张玮^1,5

1. 上海海洋大学农业农村部鱼类营养与环境生态研究中心, 上海 201306;
2. 上海市水生野生动植物保护研究中心, 上海 201306;
3. 中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012;
4. 安徽省水利水电勘测设计研究总院有限公司, 安徽合肥 230088;
5. 上海海洋大学水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室, 上海 201306

收稿日期:2021-11-02 出版日期:2023-02-25 发布日期:2023-02-24
通讯作者: 张玮,E-mail:weizhang@shou.edu.cn E-mail:weizhang@shou.edu.cn
作者简介:黄若晗(1997-),女,四川内江人,主要研究方向为藻类生态学。E-mail:aquahrh@163.com
基金资助:
十八联圩生态湿地本底资源调查项目(D-8006-19-0058);上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(19DZ1204504)

Relationship between Phytoplankton Community Characteristics and Environmental Factors in Shibalianwei Wetland in Summer in Hefei, Anhui Province, China

HUANG Ruo-han¹, WANG Ting², SHANG Guang-xia³, XIE San-tao⁴, WANG Li-qing^1,5, ZHANG Wei^1,5

1. Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrient of Ministry of Agriculture and Rurual Afairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
2. Shanghai Aquatic Wildlife Protection and Research Center, Shanghai 201306, China;
3. Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;
4. Anhui Survey and Design Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Co. Ltd., Hefei 230088, China;
5. Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China

Received:2021-11-02 Online:2023-02-25 Published:2023-02-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 入湖河口湿地是大型浅水湖泊系统的重要组成部分,但对其生态学研究一直相对较少。十八联圩是南淝河入巢湖河口区一处"退耕还湿"形成的大型人工湿地,为了解其浮游植物群落特征和水质状况,于2018年夏季对湿地外部和内部主要水系共72个位点开展了调查。结果表明:(1)十八联圩湿地内外水体氮磷含量均较高,处于中度富营养到重度富营养水平之间。(2)湿地内部水体共检出119种浮游植物,隶属于7门83属,优势种为平裂藻(Merismopedia sp.)、隐球藻(Aphanocapsa sp.)、胶网藻(Dictyosphaerium sp.)和十字藻(Crucigenia sp.)等小粒径藻类;湿地外部水体检出85种,隶属7门63属,优势种为水华束丝藻(Aphanizomenon sp.)和惠氏微囊藻(Microcystis wesenbergii)等大粒径藻类。(3)湿地内部水体浮游植物密度和生物量平均值分别为12 780.16×10⁴ L^-1和23.65 mg·L^-1,而外部均值分别为5 083.38×10⁴ L^-1和7.1 mg·L^-1。(4)典范对应分析(CCA)结果显示,总氮、氨氮、活性磷(SRP)浓度及电导率、水温、透明度、水生植被覆盖度均与浮游植物群落分布有显著关联(P<0.05)。多元回归树分析(MRT)发现,水体透明度≥29 cm的浮游植物群落与<29 cm的群落有显著差异(P<0.05);在透明度<29 cm时,又以活性磷质量浓度0.045 mg·L^-1为阈值,分为2类差异显著的群落。该研究为大型浅水湖泊入湖湿地生态学研究和巢湖富营养化治理提供了新的基础资料。

关键词: 浮游植物, 人工湿地, 十八联圩湿地, 巢湖, 生态评价

Abstract: The estuary wetlands are important parts of the large-scale shallow lake systems, but the studies on their ecological status is limited. Shibalianwei wetland is a large-scale constructed wetland formed by "Returning Farmland to Wetland" Program. The wetland is located in the estuary area of Nanfei River flowing into Chaohu Lake. To investigate the relationship between water quality parameters and phytoplankton community characteristics, a total of 72 samples were collected from the Shibalianwei wetland in July 2018. The results show that:(1) According to the water quality index, the N and P content of the water bodies are high and in the range of moderate eutrophication level to severe eutrophication level. (2) 119 phytoplankton species, mostly small-sized algae, belonged to 7 phyla and 83 genera were found in the inside wetland with the dominant ones of Merismopedia sp., Aphanocapsa sp., Dictyosphaerium sp., and Crucigenia sp.; Comparatively, 85 species belonged to 63 genera and 7 phyla, mostly large-sized algae, were found in the waters outside the wetland with the dominant ones of Pseudanabaena sp., Aphanizomenon sp. and Microcystis wesenbergii. (3) The average density and biomass of phytoplankton in the inner wetland were 12 780.16×10⁴ L^-1 and 23.65 mg·L^-1, while those in the outer wetland were 5 083.38×10⁴ L^-1 and 7.1 mg·L^-1, respectively. (4) The results of canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) show that total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, soluble reactive phosphorus, electrical conductivity, water temperature, transparency, and aquatic plant coverage were significantly correlated with the distribution of phytoplankton (P<0.05); The results of the multiple regression tree analysis (MRT) show that the phytoplankton communities were significantly different when water transparency was above and below 29 cm. With the water transparency below 29 cm and the threshold of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) as 0.045 mg·L^-1, the phytoplankton communities could further be divided into two significantly different clades. Variance decomposition analysis further show that the nutrient concentration in the water column was the main factor affecting phytoplankton community. The results of the study can provide new basic data for further understanding of the wetland ecology in large shallow lakes and the eutrophication management of Lake Chaohu.

Key words: phytoplankton, constructed wetland, Shibalianwei wetland, Chaohu Lake, ecological assessment

中图分类号:

黄若晗, 王婷, 尚光霞, 谢三桃, 王丽卿, 张玮. 合肥市十八联圩湿地夏季浮游植物群落特征及其与环境因子关系的研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2023, 39(2): 227-235.

HUANG Ruo-han, WANG Ting, SHANG Guang-xia, XIE San-tao, WANG Li-qing, ZHANG Wei. Relationship between Phytoplankton Community Characteristics and Environmental Factors in Shibalianwei Wetland in Summer in Hefei, Anhui Province, China[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2023, 39(2): 227-235.

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合肥市十八联圩湿地夏季浮游植物群落特征及其与环境因子关系的研究

Relationship between Phytoplankton Community Characteristics and Environmental Factors in Shibalianwei Wetland in Summer in Hefei, Anhui Province, China

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